ReviewJournal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR2020
Mechanisms of hyperprogressive disease after immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: what we (don't) know.
Review in Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Drug repurposing based on differentially expressed genes suggests drug combinations with possible synergistic effects in treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.Cancer biology & therapy · 2023Pooled it
- Nivolumab in patients with relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma: modest activity and cases of hyperprogression.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2022Trial
- Assessment of hyperprogression versus the natural course of disease development with nivolumab with or without ipilimumab versus placebo in phase III, randomized, controlled trials.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2022Trial
- Tumor evolution: signaling pathways, molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Article
- Can tissue immune states shape the risk of hyperprogressive disease?Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Multi-omics biomarkers for predicting resistance, hyperprogression, and immune-related toxicity during PD-1/PD-L1 therapy in lung cancer: a literature review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immune-mediated Engagement of T Regulatory Cells with Tumor Cells Results in Trogocytosis and Tumor Cell Killing.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Shaping Precision Medicine: The Journey of Sequencing Technologies Across Human Solid Tumors.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- [Research Progress on the Potential Mechanisms of Hyper-progressive Disease in Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy of Solid Tumors].Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer · 2025Review
- Advances in cancer immunotherapy: historical perspectives, current developments, and future directions.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Why do patients with cancer die?Nature reviews. Cancer · 2024Review
- Advanced Merkel cell carcinoma in setting of pembrolizumab therapy for squamous cell carcinoma.JAAD case reports · 2024Article
- SQSTM1/p62 promotes the progression of gastric cancer through epithelial-mesenchymal transition.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Article
- Evaluation of tumor response to immune checkpoint inhibitors by a 3D immunotumoroid model.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor use in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: the current landscape and future perspectives.Future oncology (London, England) · 2024Review
- Design of siRNA Bioconjugates for Efficient Control of Cancer-Associated Membrane Receptors.ACS omega · 2023Article
- A comprehensive regulatory and industry review of modeling and simulation practices in oncology clinical drug development.Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics · 2023Review
- Hyperprogressive disease during atezolizumab plus bevacizumab treatment in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma from Japanese real-world practice.BMC gastroenterology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have made a breakthrough in the treatment of different types of tumors, leading to improvement in survival, even in patients with advanced cancers. Despite the good clinical results, a certain percentage of patients do not respond to this kind of immunotherapy. In addition, in a fraction of nonresponder patients, which can vary from 4 to 29% according to different studies, a paradoxical boost in tumor growth after ICI administration was observed: a completely unpredictable novel pattern of cancer progression defined as hyperprogressive disease. Since this clinical phenomenon has only been recently described, a universally accepted clinical definition is lacking, and major efforts have been made to uncover the biological bases underlying hyperprogressive disease. The lines of research pursued so far have focused their attention on the study of the immune tumor microenvironment or on the analysis of intrinsic genomic characteristics of cancer cells producing data that allowed us to formulate several hypotheses to explain this detrimental effect related to ICI therapy. The aim of this review is to summarize the most important works that, to date, provide important insights that are useful in understanding the mechanistic causes of hyperprogressive disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.