ReviewMicroorganisms2020
Impact of Fermentable Protein, by Feeding High Protein Diets, on Microbial Composition, Microbial Catabolic Activity, Gut Health and beyond in Pigs.
Review in Microorganisms, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development of an indigestible dietary protein index to investigate the effects of dietary protein content in postweaned pigs.Journal of animal science · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of anti-aging diets and exercise on age-related musculoskeletal diseases via gut microbiota modulation.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Effects of Low-Level Replacement of Corn with Dried Bamboo Shoot Powder on Growth Performance, Nutrient Utilization, Carcass Traits, Pork Quality, and Colonic Responses in Growing-Finishing Pigs.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Research advances in the identification of gut keystone bacteria and formulation of suitable dietary intervention strategies for restoring gut homeostasis.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Review
- Dietary soybean-derived trypsin inhibitor protein reduces nursery pig performance and may exacerbate F18 enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli disease.Journal of animal science · 2026Article
- High indigestible dietary protein impairs growth and health status of nursery pigs with Salmonella Typhimurium more than with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli F4 challenge.Journal of animal science · 2026Article
- Evaluation of dietary crude protein and non-starch polysaccharidase on nursery pig performance, nitrogen retention, hindgut fermentation and health.Translational animal science · 2026Article
- Revealing gut microbiota profiles and their influencing factors in commercial boars of three breeds by a large-scale metagenome study.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Effects of increasing trypsin inhibitor on nursery pig growth performance, fecal dry matter, and nutrient digestibility.Translational animal science · 2026Article
- Transcriptome and microbiota analysis reveal differences in the cecum of weaning pigs in response to different dietary crude protein levels.Animal bioscience · 2026Article
- Effects of processed soybean meal on growth performance and gut microbiome composition in pigs in regular nursery and enterotoxigenicTranslational animal science · 2026Article
- Modulatory effects of Boletus edulis on the gut microbiota in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) utilizing an artificial teleost gut model.Animal microbiome · 2025Article
- Untargeted metabolomics as a tool to assess the impact of dietary approaches on pig gut health: a review.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Effects of zinc oxide and monoglyceride blend on intestinal immune, health and microbiota responses of weanling pigs.Veterinary research communications · 2025Article
- Effect of indigestible dietary protein on growth performance and health status of weaned pigs.Journal of animal science · 2025Article
- Impact of an abrupt change from dry to canned diet on digestive function and gut microbiota in dogs.Journal of animal science · 2025Article
- Increasing dietary soybean-derived trypsin inhibitor protein compromises nursery pig performance, nitrogen digestibility, and retention.Journal of animal science · 2025Article
- In vitro fermentation potential of undigested dietary protein.Journal of animal science · 2025Article
- Impact of initial postweaning feed intake on weanling piglet metabolism, gut health, and immunity.Journal of animal science · 2025Article
- Dietary inclusion of high-amylose cornstarch increased Lactobacillus and Terrisporobacter and decreased Streptococcus in the cecal digesta of weanling pigs.Journal of animal science · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In pigs, high protein diets have been related to post-weaning diarrhoea, which may be due to the production of protein fermentation metabolites that were shown to have harmful effects on the intestinal epithelium in vitro. In this review, we discussed in vivo effects of protein fermentation on the microbial composition and their protein catabolic activity as well as gut and overall health. The reviewed studies applied different dietary protein levels, which was assumed to result in contrasting fermentable protein levels. A general shift to N-utilisation microbial community including potential pathogens was observed, although microbial richness and diversity were not altered in the majority of the studies. Increasing dietary protein levels resulted in higher protein catabolic activity as evidenced by increased concentration of several protein fermentation metabolites like biogenic amines in the digesta of pigs. Moreover, changes in intestinal morphology, permeability and pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations were observed and diarrhoea incidence was increased. Nevertheless, higher body weight and average daily gain were observed upon increasing dietary protein level. In conclusion, increasing dietary protein resulted in higher proteolytic fermentation, altered microbial community and intestinal physiology. Supplementing diets with fermentable carbohydrates could be a promising strategy to counteract these effects and should be further investigated.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.