Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33166293›Full record

ArticlePloS one2020

Quantitative detection of sleep apnea with wearable watch device.

Junichiro Hayano, Hiroaki Yamamoto, Izumi Nonaka, Makoto Komazawa, Kenichi Itao, Norihiro Ueda, Haruhito Tanaka, Emi Yuda

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
3.4field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  7. Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society · 2026
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  13. Wearable sensors-based assistive technologies for patient health monitoring.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Junichiro HayanoNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-5340-6325
Hiroaki YamamotoGifu Mates Sleep Clinic, Gifu, Japan.
Izumi NonakaGifu Mates Sleep Clinic, Gifu, Japan.
Makoto KomazawaWINFrontier Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-4551-7233
Kenichi ItaoWINFrontier Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.
Norihiro UedaNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
Haruhito TanakaGifu Mates Sleep Clinic, Gifu, Japan.
Emi YudaTohoku University Graduate School of Engineering, Sendai, Japan.
Gifu Heart Center · JPNagoya City University · JPTohoku University · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The spread of wearable watch devices with photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors has made it possible to use continuous pulse wave data during daily life. We examined if PPG pulse wave data can be used to detect sleep apnea, a common but underdiagnosed health problem associated with impaired quality of life and increased cardiovascular risk. In 41 patients undergoing diagnostic polysomnography (PSG) for sleep apnea, PPG was recorded simultaneously with a wearable watch device. The pulse interval data were analyzed by an automated algorithm called auto-correlated wave detection with adaptive threshold (ACAT) which was developed for electrocardiogram (ECG) to detect the cyclic variation of heart rate (CVHR), a characteristic heart rate pattern accompanying sleep apnea episodes. The median (IQR) apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was 17.2 (4.4-28.4) and 22 (54%) subjects had AHI ≥15. The hourly frequency of CVHR (Fcv) detected by the ACAT algorithm closely correlated with AHI (r = 0.81), while none of the time-domain, frequency-domain, or non-linear indices of pulse interval variability showed significant correlation. The Fcv was greater in subjects with AHI ≥15 (19.6 ± 12.3 /h) than in those with AHI <15 (6.4 ± 4.6 /h), and was able to discriminate them with 82% sensitivity, 89% specificity, and 85% accuracy. The classification performance was comparable to that obtained when the ACAT algorithm was applied to ECG R-R intervals during the PSG. The analysis of wearable watch PPG by the ACAT algorithm could be used for the quantitative screening of sleep apnea.

Indexed as

AlgorithmsQuality of LifeAdultFemaleHeart RateHumansMaleMiddle AgedMonitoring, AmbulatoryPolysomnographyROC CurveSleep Apnea SyndromesWearable Electronic Devices

Identifiers

PMID33166293
PMCPMC7652322
OpenAlexW3098143033

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.