ArticleAmerican journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism2021
Is GLUT4 translocation the answer to exercise-stimulated muscle glucose uptake?
Article in American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of exercise intervention on the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index in adolescents with overweight or obesity: a systematic review and Bayesian dose-response meta-analysis.BMC pediatrics · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The Effects of Stretching Exercise on Levels of Blood Glucose: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.Sports medicine - open · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Overweight and Obesity Children and Adolescents: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Post-meal exercise under ecological conditions improves post-prandial glucose levels but not 24-hour glucose control.Journal of sports sciences · 2024Trial
- The Effects of Exercise on Appetite-Regulating Hormone Concentrations over a 36-h Fast in Healthy Young Adults: A Randomized Crossover Study.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Metabolic Structure: A Paradigm Revisited in Light of the Fundamental Parameters of Living Systems.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Article
- Combination of Intermittent Hypoxic Exposure and Exercise Improves Body Composition and Glucose Tolerance in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice.Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2026Article
- Article
- Heat Shock Proteins and Exercise in Skeletal Muscle Insulin Resistance: Protective Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Exofacial Epitope-Specific Antibodies Detect GLUT4 Translocation in Adult Human, Rat, and Mouse Skeletal Muscle.Diabetes · 2026Article
- Impact of a Longer-Term Physical Activity Intervention on Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Older People with Metabolic Syndrome.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Continuous Glucose Monitoring under standardised conditions regarding diet, exercise and stress in Healthy Young People (CGM-HYPE study): An exploratory clinical trial.PLOS digital health · 2025Article
- Skeletal muscle atrophy and dysfunction in obesity and type-2 diabetes mellitus: Myocellular mechanisms involved.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- Scoping Review of the Health Benefits of Stretching Exercises in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Article
- Insulin Resistance in Type 1 Diabetes: Pathophysiological, Clinical, and Therapeutic Relevance.Endocrine reviews · 2025Review
- The Role of Plant-Based Nutrition and Exercise in Metabolic Syndrome: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2025Review
- CSE/HInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Exercise in humans increases muscle glucose uptake up to 100-fold compared with rest. The magnitude of increase depends on exercise intensity and duration. Although knockout of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) convincingly has shown that GLUT4 is necessary for exercise to increase muscle glucose uptake, studies only show an approximate twofold increase in GLUT4 translocation to the muscle cell membrane when transitioning from rest to exercise. Therefore, there is a big discrepancy between the increase in glucose uptake and GLUT4 translocation. It is suggested that either the methods for measurements of GLUT4 translocation in muscle grossly underestimate the real translocation of GLUT4 or, alternatively, GLUT4 intrinsic activity increases in muscle during exercise, perhaps due to increased muscle temperature and/or mechanical effects during contraction/relaxation cycles.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.