ReviewFrontiers of medicine2021
mTOR-targeted cancer therapy: great target but disappointing clinical outcomes, why?
Review in Frontiers of medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Overcoming mTOR Inhibitor Resistance: From Biological Basis to Therapeutic Strategies.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Molecular glue degraders: Rational design, specificity engineering, and advanced delivery.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Role of Oxysterol-Binding Protein Family in Cholesterol Metabolism and Cancer Progression: A Review.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Review
- mTOR signaling in cholangiocarcinoma: mechanistic insights and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- The regulatory networks and mechanisms of bone microenvironment in tumorigenesis and metastasis.Journal of bone oncology · 2025Review
- Atractylenolide I inhibits the growth, proliferation and migration of B16 melanoma cells via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.Oncology letters · 2025Article
- Synergistic effects of mTOR inhibitors with VEGFR3 inhibitors on the interaction between TSC2-mutated cells and lymphatic endothelial cells.Science China. Life sciences · 2025Article
- eIF4F-mediated dysregulation of mRNA translation in cancer.RNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Review
- FBXW7 metabolic reprogramming inhibits the development of colon cancer by down-regulating the activity of arginine/mToR pathways.PloS one · 2025Article
- Virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulation study of ATP-competitive inhibitors targeting mTOR protein.PloS one · 2025Article
- Augmented ERO1α upon mTORC1 activation induces ferroptosis resistance and tumor progression via upregulation of SLC7A11.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2024Article
- MiR-125b targeted regulation of MKNK2 inhibits multiple myeloma proliferation and invasion.American journal of translational research · 2024Article
- Case report: Sustained complete remission with all-oral MEPED therapy in a patient with Hodgkin's disease developing resistance to pembrolizumab.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Article
- Positive regulation of oxidative phosphorylation by nuclear myosin 1 protects cells from metabolic reprogramming and tumorigenesis in mice.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Nanomedicines: intervention in inflammatory pathways of cancer.Inflammopharmacology · 2023Review
- Discovery of New 2-Phenylamino-3-acyl-1,4-naphthoquinones as Inhibitors of Cancer Cells Proliferation: Searching for Intra-Cellular Targets Playing a Role in Cancer Cells Survival.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- GSTP1-mediated S-glutathionylation of Pik3r1 is a redox hub that inhibits osteoclastogenesis through regulating autophagic flux.Redox biology · 2023Article
- A novel polypeptide encoded by the circular RNA ZKSCAN1 suppresses HCC via degradation of mTOR.Molecular cancer · 2023Article
- From Translation to Treatment.Faculty reviews · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) critically regulates several essential biological functions, such as cell growth, metabolism, survival, and immune response by forming two important complexes, namely, mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and complex 2 (mTORC2). mTOR signaling is often dysregulated in cancers and has been considered an attractive cancer therapeutic target. Great efforts have been made to develop efficacious mTOR inhibitors, particularly mTOR kinase inhibitors, which suppress mTORC1 and mTORC2; however, major success has not been achieved. With the strong scientific rationale, the intriguing question is why cancers are insensitive or not responsive to mTOR-targeted cancer therapy in clinics. Beyond early findings on induced activation of PI3K/Akt, MEK/ERK, and Mnk/eIF4E survival signaling pathways that compromise the efficacy of rapalog-based cancer therapy, recent findings on the essential role of GSK3 in mediating cancer cell response to mTOR inhibitors and mTORC1 inhibition-induced upregulation of PD-L1 in cancer cells may provide some explanations. These new findings may also offer us the opportunity to rationally utilize mTOR inhibitors in cancer therapy. Further elucidation of the biology of complicated mTOR networks may bring us the hope to develop effective therapeutic strategies with mTOR inhibitors against cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.