Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33164145›Full record

ArticleDigestive diseases and sciences2021

Absence of Toxemia in Clostridioides difficile Infection: Results from Ultrasensitive Toxin Assay of Serum.

Rebecca Sprague, Karolyne Warny, Nira Pollock, Kaitlyn Daugherty, Qianyun Lin, Hua Xu, Christine Cuddemi, Caitlin Barrett, Xinhua Chen, Alice Banz and 6 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.1field-weighted citation impact, top 44% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Predictors of RecurrentDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  2. The Current Knowledge onPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Rebecca SpragueDivisions of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Dana 617D, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. rsprague@bidmc.harvard.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-2086-2583
Karolyne WarnyDivisions of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Dana 617D, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Nira PollockDivisions of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Kaitlyn DaughertyDivisions of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Dana 617D, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Qianyun LinDivisions of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Dana 617D, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Hua XuDivisions of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Dana 617D, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Christine CuddemiDivisions of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Dana 617D, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Caitlin BarrettDivisions of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Dana 617D, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Xinhua ChenDivisions of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Dana 617D, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Alice BanzBioMérieux, 100 Rue Louis Pasteur, 69280, Marcy-l'Étoile, France.
Aude LantzBioMérieux, 100 Rue Louis Pasteur, 69280, Marcy-l'Étoile, France.
Kevin W GareyDepartment of Pharmacy Practice and Translational Research, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, 4849 Calhoun Rd #3044, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
Anne J Gonzales-LunaDepartment of Pharmacy Practice and Translational Research, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, 4849 Calhoun Rd #3044, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
Carolyn D AlonsoDivisions of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Javier A Villafuerte GalvezDivisions of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Dana 617D, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Ciarán P KellyDivisions of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Dana 617D, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center · USbioMérieux (France) · FRUniversity of Houston · USBoston Children's Hospital · US

Funding

Ultrasensitive C.difficile toxin measurement for diagnosis and outcome predictionR01AI116596 · NIAID · BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER · PI POLLOCK, NIRA · 2016 to 2020
$4.1M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI116596
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is caused by Toxins A and B, secreted from pathogenic strains of C. difficle. This infection can vary greatly in symptom severity and in clinical presentation. Current assays used to diagnose CDI may lack the required sensitivity to detect the exotoxins circulating in blood. The ultrasensitive single molecule array (Simoa) assay was modified to separately detect toxin A and toxin B in serum with a limit of detection at the low picogram level. When applied to a diverse cohort, Simoa was unable to detect toxins A or B in serum from patients with CDI, including many classified as having severe disease. The detection of toxin may be limited by the inference of antitoxin antibodies circulating in serum. This result does not support the hypothesis that toxemia occurs in C. difficile infection, conflicting with the findings of other published reports.

Indexed as

Clostridioides difficileAgedBacterial ProteinsBacterial ToxinsClostridium InfectionsCohort StudiesEnterotoxinsHumansImmunoglobulin AImmunoglobulin GMiddle AgedToxemiaBacterial ProteinsBacterial ToxinsEnterotoxinsImmunoglobulin AImmunoglobulin GtcdA protein, Clostridium difficiletoxB protein, Clostridium difficileAntibiotic-associated diarrheaClostridioides difficileColitisInfectious diarrheaNosocomial infectionSimoa ultrasensitive toxin assay

Identifiers

PMID33164145
PMCPMC8105423
OpenAlexW3098949961

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.