Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33162430›Full record

ArticleJournal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis2021

Coronary Artery Calcium Score Predicts Long-Term Cardiovascular Outcomes in Asymptomatic Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Meng-Huan Lei, Yu-Lin Wu, Sheng-Liang Chung, Chao-Chin Chen, Wei-Cheng Chen, Yu-Chen Hsu

Open access · diamondAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Meng-Huan LeiDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Lo-Tung Poh-Ai Hospital.
Yu-Lin WuDepartment of Nursing, St. Mary's Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management.
Sheng-Liang ChungDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Lo-Tung Poh-Ai Hospital.
Chao-Chin ChenDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Lo-Tung Poh-Ai Hospital.
Wei-Cheng ChenDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Lo-Tung Poh-Ai Hospital.
Yu-Chen HsuDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Lo-Tung Poh-Ai Hospital.
Luodong Poh-Ai Hospital · TW

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is no longer regarded as a coronary risk equivalent, and heterogeneity of cardiovascular risk exists, suggesting that further risk stratification should be mandatory. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and clinical predictors of coronary artery calcium (CAC) score, and evaluate the CAC score as a predictor of cardiovascular outcome in a large asymptomatic T2DM cohort.

methodsA total of 2,162 T2DM patients were recruited from a Diabetes Shared Care Network and the CAC score was measured. Cardiovascular outcomes were obtained for 1,928 patients after a follow-up of 8.4 years. Multiple regression analysis and Cox proportional hazard regression were applied to identify clinical predictors of CAC and calculate the incidence and hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events by CAC category.

resultsOf the recruited patients, 96.8% had one or more risk factors. The distribution of CAC scores was as follows: CAC=0 in 24.2% of the patients, 0 ＜CAC ≤ 100 in 41.5%, 100 ＜CAC ≤ 400 in 20.3%, CAC ＞400 in 14.7%. The multivariable predictor of increased CAC included age (years) (odds ratio, 1.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-1.08), male sex (1.82; 1.54-2.17), duration (years) of T2DM (1.07; 1.05-1.09), and multiple risk factors (1.94; 1.28-2.95). Increasing severity of CAC was associated with higher all-cause or cardiac mortality and higher incident cardiovascular events. The HRs for cardiac death or major cardiac events in CAC ＞400 vs CAC=0 were 8.67 and 10.52, respectively ( p＜0.001) Conclusion: CAC scoring provides better prognostication of cardiovascular outcome than traditional risk factors in asymptomatic T2DM patients, and may allow identifying a high-risk subset for enhancing primary prevention.

Indexed as

AdultAgedCalciumCoronary Artery DiseaseCoronary VesselsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisVascular CalcificationCalciumCardiovascular outcomeCoronary artery calcium scorePrimary preventionType 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID33162430
PMCPMC8560843
OpenAlexW3095169616

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.