ArticleDrug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals2021
Sex-, Age-, and Race/Ethnicity-Dependent Variations in Drug-Processing and NRF2-Regulated Genes in Human Livers.
Article in Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex-based differences in the NRF2 oxidative stress response: Implications for precision therapeutics.Redox biology · 2026Review
- Sulforaphane improves exercise-induced NRF2 signaling in older adults: an in vivo-ex vivo approach.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Article
- Do Sex and Gender Interact with the Biological Actions of Taurine? A Critical Rereading of the Literature.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Imaging the impact of sex and age on OATP function in humans: Consequences for whole-body pharmacokinetics and liver exposure.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Article
- Proteostasis Decline and Redox Imbalance in Age-Related Diseases: The Therapeutic Potential of NRF2.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- A systems approach reveals species differences in hepatic stress response capacity.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2023Article
- β-Adrenoceptor Blockade Moderates Neuroinflammation in Male and Female EAE Rats and Abrogates Sexual Dimorphisms in the Major Neuroinflammatory Pathways by Being More Efficient in Males.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2023Article
- Protein Abundance of Drug Metabolizing Enzymes in Human Hepatitis C Livers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Sex blind: bridging the gap between drug exposure and sex-related gene expression inFrontiers in toxicology · 2023Article
- Sex differences in resilience to ferroptosis underlie sexual dimorphism in kidney injury and repair.Cell reports · 2022Article
- Determinants of gene expression in the human liver: Impact of aging and sex on xenobiotic metabolism.Experimental gerontology · 2022Article
- Dimethyl Fumarate, an Approved Multiple Sclerosis Treatment, Reduces Brain Oxidative Stress in SIV-Infected Rhesus Macaques: Potential Therapeutic Repurposing for HIV Neuroprotection.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Bile Acids as Key Mediators of the Gut Microbiota-Immune Axis: Potential Biomarker and Therapeutic Perspectives.BioFactors (Oxford, England)Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Individual variations in xenobiotic metabolism affect the sensitivity to diseases. In this study, the impacts of sex, age, and race/ethnicity on drug-processing genes and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) genes in human livers were examined via QuantiGene multiplex suspension array (226 samples) and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) (247 samples) to profile the expression of nuclear receptors, cytochrome P450s, conjugation enzymes, transporters, bile acid metabolism, and NRF2-regulated genes. Sex differences were found in expression of about half of the genes, but in general the differences were not large. For example, females had higher transcript levels of catalase
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.