Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33161824›Full record

ArticleEmerging microbes & infections2020

Excretion of SARS-CoV-2 through faecal specimens.

Yong Zhang, Cao Chen, Yang Song, Shuangli Zhu, Dongyan Wang, Hui Zhang, Guangyue Han, Yuwei Weng, Jun Xu, Jianan Xu and 10 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Emerging microbes & infections, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. [The hazards of SARS-COV-2 for aquatic ecosystems].Medecine tropicale et sante internationale · 2022
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Observational
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.

Yong ZhangNHC key laboratory for Medical Virology, NHC key laboratory for biosafety. National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2692-5437
Cao ChenNHC key laboratory for Medical Virology, NHC key laboratory for biosafety. National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Yang SongNHC key laboratory for Medical Virology, NHC key laboratory for biosafety. National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7053-3836
Shuangli ZhuNHC key laboratory for Medical Virology, NHC key laboratory for biosafety. National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Dongyan WangNHC key laboratory for Medical Virology, NHC key laboratory for biosafety. National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Hui ZhangGansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou City, People's Republic of China.
Guangyue HanHebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang City, People's Republic of China.
Yuwei WengFujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou City, People's Republic of China.
Jun XuHeilongjiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin City, People's Republic of China.
Jianan XuSichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu City, People's Republic of China.
Pengbo YuShaanxiProvincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an City, People's Republic of China.
Weijia JiangGuizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang City, People's Republic of China.
Xianda YangJilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changchun City, People's Republic of China.
Zhongkai LangChongqing Wanzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing City, People's Republic of China.
Dongmei YanNHC key laboratory for Medical Virology, NHC key laboratory for biosafety. National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Yanhai WangNHC key laboratory for Medical Virology, NHC key laboratory for biosafety. National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Jingdong SongNHC key laboratory for Medical Virology, NHC key laboratory for biosafety. National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
George Fu GaoNHC key laboratory for Medical Virology, NHC key laboratory for biosafety. National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Guizhen WuNHC key laboratory for Medical Virology, NHC key laboratory for biosafety. National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Wenbo XuNHC key laboratory for Medical Virology, NHC key laboratory for biosafety. National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Chinese Center For Disease Control and Prevention · CNTaiwan Centers for Disease Control · TWGansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention · CNGuizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention · CNHealth Commission of Jilin Province · CNHebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention · CNHeilongjiang Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention · CNXian Center for Disease Control and Prevention · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a pandemic with increasing numbers of cases worldwide. SARS-CoV-2, the causative virus of COVID-19, is mainly transmitted through respiratory droplets or through direct and indirect contact with an infected person. The possibility of potential faecal-oral transmission was investigated in this study. We collected 258 faecal specimens from nine provinces in China and detected the nucleic acid of SARS-CoV-2 using real-time RT-PCR. Vero cells were used to isolate the virus from SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid positive samples, after which sequencing of Spike gene in eight samples was performed. In all, 93 of 258 (36%) stool samples were positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. The positive rates of critical, severe, moderate, and mild patients were 54.4%, 56.1%, 30.8%, and 33.3%, respectively. The content of nucleic acid increased within 2 weeks after the onset of the disease. From the perspective of clinical typing, the nucleic acid can be detected in the faeces of critical patients within two weeks and until four to five weeks in the faeces of severe and mild patients. SARS-CoV-2 was isolated from stool specimens of two severe patients. Four non-synonymous mutations in Spike gene were newly detected in three stool samples. A small number of patients had strong faecal detoxification ability. The live virus in faeces could be an important source of contamination, which may lead to infection and further spread in areas with poor sanitary conditions. The findings of this study have public health significance and they should be considered when formulating disease control strategies.

Indexed as

PandemicsAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAnimalsChildChild, PreschoolChinaChlorocebus aethiopsCOVID-19FecesFemaleHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingHumansInfantSpike Glycoprotein, Coronavirusspike protein, SARS-CoV-2clinical typingCOVID-19faecal-oral transmissionfaecal specimenspublic health

Identifiers

PMID33161824
PMCPMC7717617
OpenAlexW3104054288

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.