ArticlePreventive medicine2020
Unemployment insurance program accessibility and suicide rates in the United States.
Article in Preventive medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Insecure employment and the social determinants of suicide: a narrative synthesis review.Globalization and health · 2026Pooled it
- Interventions to Support the Return to Work for Individuals with Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of occupational rehabilitation · 2024Pooled it
- Welfare policy and suicide: The role of "supporting the self-reliance of persons in need" program in Japan.SSM - population health · 2025Article
- Higher unemployment benefits are associated with reduced drug overdose mortality in the United States before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.The International journal on drug policy · 2024Article
- No change in substance use disorders or overdose after implementation of state Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC).Drug and alcohol dependence · 2024Article
- Article
- Widening the knowledge of non-employment as a risk factor for suicide: a Norwegian register-based population study.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Disparate impacts on online information access during the Covid-19 pandemic.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on temporal patterns of mental health and substance abuse related mortality in Michigan: An interrupted time series analysis.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2022Article
- The Role of Unemployment, Financial Hardship, and Economic Recession on Suicidal Behaviors and Interventions to Mitigate Their Impact: A Review.Frontiers in public health · 2022Review
- Caregiving as suicide-prevention: an ecological 20-country study of the association between men's family carework, unemployment, and suicide.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Unemployment is a risk factor for suicide. Unemployment insurance is the primary policy tool in the United States for alleviating the burden of unemployment on individuals. Our objective was to estimate the effect of state unemployment insurance accessibility on suicide rates, and effect modification by sociodemographic factors and unemployment rate. We used quarterly data from all 50 U.S. states and Washington, DC from 2000 to 2015, for a total of 3264 state-quarter units of analysis. The exposure was the quarterly unemployment insurance recipiency rate, i.e. the percentage of unemployed persons who received unemployment insurance. The outcome was the state-quarterly suicide rate per 100,000 population. Linear regression models included state, year, and calendar quarter fixed effects, state time trends, and state-level economic covariates to account for state-specific time-varying confounding. We assessed effect modification by the state-level unemployment rate, educational attainment, age, gender, and race. Based on fully adjusted models, potential protective effects of higher unemployment insurance recipiency rates appear to be small and restricted to demographic groups at higher risk of suicide including men, non-Hispanic White Americans, and those 45-64 years of age. These groups also generally have higher UI recipiency rates, therefore differences in subgroup estimates may reflect variations in eligibility policies and accessibility of UI programs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.