Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33159440›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2021

Vitamin D Status in Hospitalized Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

José L Hernández, Daniel Nan, Marta Fernandez-Ayala, Mayte García-Unzueta, Miguel A Hernández-Hernández, Marcos López-Hoyos, Pedro Muñoz-Cacho, José M Olmos, Manuel Gutiérrez-Cuadra, Juan J Ruiz-Cubillán and 2 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 164 papers, 25 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
164citing papers in PubMed, 25 pooled it
36.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

164 citing papers in PubMed, 25 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 283 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pediatric endocrinopathies related to COVID-19: an update.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2023
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  5. Gut distress and interventionFrontiers in public health · 2023
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  8. Vitamin D Deficiency and Comorbidities as Risk Factors of COVID-19 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2022
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  17. Guideline
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  19. Vitamin D supplementation, COVID-19 and disease severity: a meta-analysis.QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians · 2021
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104 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

José L HernándezDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.
Daniel NanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.
Marta Fernandez-AyalaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.
Mayte García-UnzuetaDivision of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.
Miguel A Hernández-HernándezDivision of Intensive Care, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.
Marcos López-HoyosDivision of Immunology, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.
Pedro Muñoz-CachoGerencia de Atención Primaria, Servicio Cántabro de Salud, Santander, Spain.
José M OlmosDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.
Manuel Gutiérrez-CuadraDivision of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.
Juan J Ruiz-CubillánDivision of Pneumology, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.
Javier CrespoDivision of Gastroenterology, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.
Víctor M Martínez-TaboadaDivision of Rheumatology, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.
Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital · ESUniversidad de Cantabria · ESServicio Cántabro de Salud · ES

Funding

Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI18/00762Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe role of vitamin D status in COVID-19 patients is a matter of debate.

objectivesTo assess serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and to analyze the possible influence of vitamin D status on disease severity.

methodsRetrospective case-control study of 216 COVID-19 patients and 197 population-based controls. Serum 25OHD levels were measured in both groups. The association of serum 25OHD levels with COVID-19 severity (admission to the intensive care unit, requirements for mechanical ventilation, or mortality) was also evaluated.

resultsOf the 216 patients, 19 were on vitamin D supplements and were analyzed separately. In COVID-19 patients, mean ± standard deviation 25OHD levels were 13.8 ± 7.2 ng/mL, compared with 20.9 ± 7.4 ng/mL in controls (P < .0001). 25OHD values were lower in men than in women. Vitamin D deficiency was found in 82.2% of COVID-19 cases and 47.2% of population-based controls (P < .0001). 25OHD inversely correlates with serum ferritin (P = .013) and D-dimer levels (P = .027). Vitamin D-deficient COVID-19 patients had a greater prevalence of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, raised serum ferritin and troponin levels, as well as a longer length of hospital stay than those with serum 25OHD levels ≥20 ng/mL. No causal relationship was found between vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19 severity as a combined endpoint or as its separate components.

conclusions25OHD levels are lower in hospitalized COVID-19 patients than in population-based controls and these patients had a higher prevalence of deficiency. We did not find any relationship between vitamin D concentrations or vitamin deficiency and the severity of the disease.

Indexed as

AgedCase-Control StudiesCOVID-19FemaleHospitalizationHospital MortalityHumansIntensive Care UnitsLength of StayMaleMiddle AgedMortalityPrognosisRespiration, ArtificialRetrospective StudiesSARS-CoV-2Vitamin D25OHDCOVID-19PTHSARS-CoV-2 infection

Identifiers

PMID33159440
PMCPMC7797757
OpenAlexW3096098401

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.