Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33159209›Full record

ArticleNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2021

Menthol and Mint Cigarettes and Cigars: Initiation and Progression in Youth, Young Adults and Adults in Waves 1-4 of the PATH Study, 2013-2017.

Andrea C Villanti, Amanda L Johnson, Michael J Halenar, Eva Sharma, K Michael Cummings, Cassandra A Stanton, Cristine D Delnevo, Olivia A Wackowski, Maansi Bansal-Travers, Jennifer L Pearson and 13 more

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. A systematic review investigating policy design and implementation of US state and local policy to restrict the sale of flavored tobacco products.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
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  12. Use of Flavored and Modified Risk Smokeless Tobacco Products Among American Indian Adults.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025
    Article
  13. A Method for Amending Loose Smokeless Tobacco With Menthol for Administration in Clinical Studies.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024
    Article
  14. What Is (Un)Flavored? A Scoping Review of the Conceptualization of Flavored Cigarillos.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024
    Article
  15. Chemicals in Cigarette Flavor Capsules From Guatemala and Mexico.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Menthol Cigarette Use Among Adults Who Smoke Cigarettes, 2008-2020: Rapid Growth and Widening Inequities in the United States.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors.

Andrea C VillantiVermont Center on Behavior and Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3104-966X
Amanda L JohnsonOffice of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2319-2159
Michael J HalenarWestat, Rockville, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8703-3811
Eva SharmaWestat, Rockville, MD, USA.
K Michael CummingsDepartment of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
Cassandra A StantonWestat, Rockville, MD, USA.
Cristine D DelnevoDepartment of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences, Center for Tobacco Studies, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
Olivia A WackowskiDepartment of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences, Center for Tobacco Studies, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9159-5473
Maansi Bansal-TraversDepartment of Health Behavior, Division of Cancer Prevention & Population Sciences, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Jennifer L PearsonDivision of Social and Behavioral Sciences/Health Administration and Policy, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1400-5932
David B AbramsDepartment of Social and Behavioral Sciences. NYU College of Global Public Health. New York University, New York, NY, USA.
Raymond S NiauraDepartment of Social and Behavioral Sciences. NYU College of Global Public Health. New York University, New York, NY, USA.
Geoffrey T FongDepartment of Psychology and School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Tara Elton-MarshallInstitute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, London, ON, Canada.
Dorothy HatsukamiDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Dennis R TrinidadDepartment of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Annette KaufmanTobacco Control Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Michael D SawdeyOffice of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4146-6897
Ethel V TaylorOffice of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Wendy I SlavitOffice of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Olga RassOffice of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Wilson M ComptonNational Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Andrew HylandDepartment of Health Behavior, Division of Cancer Prevention & Population Sciences, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.

Funding

FDA HHSNIDA NIH HHS HHSN271201100027C
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThis study examined in youth (12-17 years), young adults (18-24 years), and adults (25+ years): (1) the prevalence of the first menthol cigarette and menthol/mint cigar use among new tobacco users; (2) association between the first menthol/mint use, subsequent tobacco use, and nicotine dependence ~1 year later compared with the first non-menthol/mint use. AIMS AND

methodsLongitudinal analysis of data from Waves 1 to 4 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study (2013-2017; 10 086 youth and 21 281 adults). Main outcome measures were past 12-month and past 30-day cigarette and cigar use, and nicotine dependence.

resultsYouth and young adult new cigarette users are more likely to smoke a menthol cigarette or indicate that they do not know the flavor compared with adults aged 25+. A greater proportion of adults aged 25+ first used menthol/mint-flavored cigars (13.4%) compared with youth (8.5%) and young adults (7.4%). Among young adults, first use of a menthol cigarette is associated with past 12-month use of cigarettes at the subsequent wave and first use of any menthol/mint-flavored cigars is associated with past 30-day use of these products at the subsequent wave in both youth and young adults. In youth and adults, there were no significant relationships between first use of a menthol/mint cigarette or cigar and nicotine dependence scores at a subsequent wave in multivariable analyses.

conclusionsThe first use of menthol/mint cigarettes and cigars is associated with subsequent cigarette and cigar use in young people aged 12-24. IMPLICATIONS: This study examined the relationship between initiation with menthol cigarettes and menthol/mint cigars, subsequent tobacco use, and nicotine dependence in US youth, young adults, and adults who participated in Waves 1-4 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health study. New use of menthol cigarettes was associated with greater past 12-month cigarette use in young adults and new use of menthol/mint-flavored cigars was associated with greater past 30-day cigar use in youth and young adults compared with non-menthol use. Initiation with menthol/mint cigarette and cigar products may lead to subsequent use of those products.

Indexed as

Electronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsMenthaTobacco ProductsAdolescentFlavoring AgentsHumansMentholUnited StatesYoung AdultFlavoring AgentsMenthol

Identifiers

PMID33159209
PMCPMC8360630

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.