Trial reportEuropean journal of clinical nutrition2021
Effect of fish-oil supplementation on breastmilk long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid concentration: a randomized controlled trial in rural Ethiopia.
Trial report in European journal of clinical nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01817634 (ω3 Long-chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids for Healthy Growth and Development of Infants and Young Children in the Gilgel Gibe Hydroelectric Dam Area, Ethiopia.), which is not on this map. Cited by 5 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
ω3 Long-chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids for Healthy Growth and Development of Infants and Young Children in the Gilgel Gibe Hydroelectric Dam Area, Ethiopia.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating the relationship between the nutrient intake of lactating women and their breast milk nutritional profile: a systematic review and narrative synthesis.The British journal of nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Interventions to improve infant and young child feeding practices in Ethiopia: a systematic review.BMJ open · 2021Pooled it
- First-Trimester Serum n-3/n-6 Fatty Acids Predict Large-for-Gestational-Age Risk: A Nested Case-Control Study.Maternal & child nutrition · 2026Article
- Association of maternal diet with human milk fatty acid and macronutrient composition: a Saudi cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Antiviral activity of eicosapentaenoic acid against zika virus and other enveloped viruses.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFor infants and young children in low-income settings, human milk (HM) is the main source of omega-3 (n-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPs), including docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). However, the n-3 LCPs concentrations of HM show wide variability, largely depending on the maternal intake of marine foods. This may put children living far from coastal areas at risk of inadequate intake. We evaluated the efficacy of fish-oil (FO) supplementation of lactating mothers on HM n-3 LCPs concentrations in a rural setting from Ethiopia.
methodsMothers (n = 360) with children 6-12 months old were randomized to receive either intervention FO capsules (215 mg DHA + 285 mg EPA) or control corn-oil capsules (without n-3 LCPs). In a random subsample of 154 participants, we analyzed LCPs in HM and child capillary blood using gas chromatography.
resultsCompared to the control, FO supplementation increased HM concentrations of DHA by 39.0% (95% CI: 20.6, 57.5%; P < 0.001) and EPA by 36.2% (95% CI: 16.0, 56.4%; P < 0.001), whereas the arachidonic acid (AA)/(DHA + EPA) ratio decreased by 53.5% (95% CI: -70.2, -36.7%; P < 0.001). We also found statistically significant association between the changes in (DHA + EPA)/AA ratio in HM and child capillary blood (P < 0.001). However, HM DHA concentrations remained lower than international norms after FO supplementation.
conclusionsFO supplementation improves n-3 LCPs content of HM. Future studies should evaluate different doses of n-3 LCPs and consider potential effect modifiers such as genetic polymorphism and diet. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01817634.
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