ArticleChronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (Miami, Fla.)2021
Black Carbon Content in Airway Macrophages is Associated with Reduced CD80 Expression and Increased Exacerbations in Former Smokers With COPD.
Article in Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (Miami, Fla.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Alveolar macrophage carbon is associated with COPD severity.ERJ open research · 2025Article
- Airway Extracellular Copper Concentrations Increase with Age and Are Associated with Oxidative Stress Independent of Disease State: A Case-Control Study Including Patients with Asthma and COPD.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Airway and Systemic Prostaglandin E2 Association with COPD Symptoms and Macrophage Phenotype.Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (Miami, Fla.) · 2023Article
- Black carbon content in airway macrophages is associated with increased severe exacerbations and worse COPD morbidity in SPIROMICS.Respiratory research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by recurrent exacerbations. Macrophages play a critical role in immune response and tissue repair in COPD. Airway macrophages (AM) are exposed to environmental exposures which are retained in the cytoplasmic material. Both biomass and particulate matter have been linked to higher AM black carbon. It is unknown if AM black carbon is associated with COPD morbidity and macrophage phenotype.
methodsFormer smokers with COPD were enrolled and sputum induction was performed to obtain airway macrophages. Macrophages underwent black carbon quantification and flow cytometry phenotyping. Health information was obtained the same day as sputum induction and prospective exacerbations were assessed by monthly telephone calls.
resultsWe studied 30 former smokers with COPD who had a mean age of 67 years and mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV
conclusionAM black carbon association with respiratory morbidity is largely unexplored and this is the first study to identify association with prospective exacerbations. Macrophages expressed reduced CD80, a surface marker providing costimulatory signals required for development of antigen-specific immune responses. Our findings suggest that reduced CD80 expression is the pathophysiologic mechanism for the association of AM black carbon content and increased exacerbations. Therefore, beyond solely serving as a marker for increased exposures, AM black carbon content may be a predictor of future exacerbations given a macrophage less equipped to respond to an acute infectious exposure.
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