ArticleObstetrics and gynecology2020
Characteristics of Stillbirths Associated With Diabetes in a Diverse U.S. Cohort.
Article in Obstetrics and gynecology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigating the Role of Skin Autofluorescence in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Diabetes in Pregnant Romanian Patients-Epidemiology and Prevention Strategies Proposal.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Falling Third Trimester Insulin Requirements and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Individuals with Pre-Existing Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Exploring Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Does infant birthweight percentile identify mothers at risk of severe morbidity? A Canadian population-based cohort study.Maternal health, neonatology and perinatology · 2025Article
- Intrauterine Fetal Death in Term Pregnancy-A Single Tertiary Clinic Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2022: Diabetes in adolescence.Pediatric diabetes · 2022Review
- Maternal serum fructosamine levels and stillbirth: a case-control study of the Stillbirth Collaborative Research Network.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo characterize stillbirths associated with pregestational diabetes and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in a large, prospective, U.S. case-control study.
methodsA secondary analysis of stillbirths among patients enrolled in a prospective; multisite; geographically, racially, and ethnically diverse case-control study in the United States was performed. Singleton gestations with complete information regarding diabetes status and with a complete postmortem evaluation were included. A standard evaluation protocol for stillbirth cases included postmortem evaluation, placental pathology, clinical testing as performed at the discretion of the health care professional, and a recommended panel of tests. A potential cause of death was assigned to stillbirth cases using a standardized classification tool. Demographic and delivery characteristics among women with pregestational diabetes and GDM were compared with characteristics of women with no diabetes in pairwise comparisons using χ or two-sample t tests as appropriate. Sensitivity analysis was performed excluding pregnancies with genetic conditions or major fetal malformations.
resultsOf 455 stillbirth cases included in the primary analysis, women with stillbirth and diabetes were more likely to be older than 35 years and have a higher body mass index. They were also more likely to have a gestational hypertensive disorder than women without diabetes (28% vs 9.1%; P<.001). Women with pregestational diabetes had more large-for-gestational-age (LGA) neonates (26% vs 3.4%; P<.001). Stillbirths occurred more often at term in women with pregestational diabetes (36%) and those with GDM (52%). Maternal medical complications, including pregestational diabetes and others, were more often identified as a probable or possible cause of death among stillbirths with maternal diabetes (43% vs 4%, P<.001) as compared with stillbirths without diabetes.
conclusionCompared with stillbirths in women with no diabetes, stillbirths among women with pregestational diabetes and GDM occur later in pregnancy and are associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, maternal medical complications, and LGA.
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