ArticleActa psychiatrica Scandinavica2021
Employment among people with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: A population-based study using nationwide registers.
Article in Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Exploring the Relationship between Cognitive Performance, Performance-Based Functioning, and Everyday Functioning in People with Schizophrenia: a Systematic Literature Review.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Pooled it
- "Short" Versus "Long" Duration of Untreated Psychosis in People with First-Episode Psychosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Baseline Status and Follow-Up Outcomes.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Pooled it
- A Scoping and Systematic Review of Employment Processes and Outcomes for Young Adults Experiencing Psychosis.Community mental health journal · 2023Pooled it
- A Digital Therapeutic Intervention for Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2026Trial
- Establishment and Maintenance of a Digital Therapeutic Alliance in People Living With Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Two Exploratory Single-Arm Studies.JMIR mental health · 2025Trial
- The influence of clinical and sociodemographic variables on employment and education for Danish youth with a psychotic disorder: a population-based national registry study.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2026Article
- Employment trends in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in Spain: a nationwide register-based study (2018-2023).European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Real-world effectiveness of antipsychotic treatment of functional outcomes over 10 years: A national cohort of patients in Denmark with schizophrenia.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Factors related to employment across vocational levels in patients with schizophrenia: focus on subminimum wage non-competitive employment.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Blunted experience of pleasure, unsystematic subjective value representation, and disrupted goal-directed behaviors: an ecological momentary assessment study across mood and psychotic disorders.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Article
- Promoting Employment Participation for People With Mental Health Challenges: Photovoice and Advocacy.OTJR : occupation, participation and health · 2026Article
- Article
- Diagnosis and management of cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia: Real-world evidence from a cross-sectional survey of psychiatrists.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2026Article
- Schizophrenia as a Disorder of Biological Barriers: A Narrative Review and Potential Interventions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Genetics to Improve Outcomes in Schizophrenia (GENios): A within-case molecular genetic study protocol.PloS one · 2026Article
- Schizophrenia.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2025Review
- Identifying modifiable factors and their joint associations on late-onset schizophrenia risk in the UK Biobank: a prospective exposure-wide association study.BMJ mental health · 2025Article
- Feasibility of a digital therapeutic for experiential negative symptoms of schizophrenia: results from an exploratory study.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Health, Disability, and Economic Inactivity Following a Diagnosis of a Severe Mental Illness: Cohort Study of Electronic Health Records Linked at the Individual-Level, to Census from England.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Article
- A randomised controlled feasibility trial comparing culturally adapted psychoeducation and treatment as usual for persons with bipolar disorders in Nigeria.BJPsych open · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveTo assess the employment rate and the related background factors among people with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.
methodsWe identified all people in Sweden aged 18-64 years diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder in nationwide registers in the years 2006-2013. The identified individuals were grouped by main activity or source of income. The association between background factors and employment was analyzed with generalized estimating equations (GEE).
resultsThree years before the first psychosis or bipolar disorder diagnosis, 24% of the individuals with schizophrenia and 45% of the individuals with bipolar disorder were employed. However, the employment rate dropped around the time of the first diagnosis. Five years later, 10% of the individuals with schizophrenia and 34% of the individuals with bipolar disorder were employed. The most important factors associated with employment after diagnosis were a high level of education, older age at the first registered diagnosis, no substance use disorder, and a low number of previous hospitalizations. Marriage or cohabiting, higher level of education, and higher age at the first diagnosis were associated with an increased employment rate especially among people with schizophrenia, and substance use was associated with a lower employment rate, especially among people with bipolar disorder. Men with bipolar disorder had a higher employment rate than women.
conclusionThe employment rate is low among people with schizophrenia and higher among people with bipolar disorder. The association of background characteristics with employment was mostly in the same direction both in schizophrenia and in bipolar disorder.
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