ReviewNature reviews. Rheumatology2020
Understanding and interpreting antinuclear antibody tests in systemic rheumatic diseases.
Review in Nature reviews. Rheumatology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 160 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antinuclear Antibodies in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation in the treatment of autoimmune and rheumatic immune diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Pooled it
- Patterns of autoantibody expression in multiple sclerosis identified through development of an autoantigen discovery technology.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Trial
- Myositis-specific and myositis-associated autoantibodies in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: An EASI survey on current clinical and laboratory practices.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2026Article
- Diagnosing autoimmune encephalitis in psychiatry: clinical recommendations and unresolved challenges from the GENERATE network.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- Diagnostic Anchoring on Positive Autoimmune Serologies in Polysymptomatic Patients.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- A distinct effector B cell population drives autoantibody production in SARS-CoV-2 infection.Immunity · 2026Article
- Real-World Evaluation of ANA Testing Pathways: Serological Incompleteness and Comparison of Stepwise Versus Upfront Parallel Reflex Strategies.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Diagnostic Yield of Comprehensive Etiologic Evaluation in Young Adults with Ischemic Stroke: Toward a Phenotype-Driven Approach.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Glucose Dysregulation as a Driver of Autoimmune Mimicry, Inflammation, and Psychiatric Symptoms: A Narrative Review.Biology · 2026Review
- Autoimmune Disorders and Thrombophilia in Pathologic Pregnancies: Management Throughout the Full Gestation.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Detection of Diagnostic Antibodies in Immune-Mediated Diseases: A Focus on Antigens and Technologies.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2026Review
- Research on a rapid detection method for systemic lupus erythematosus based on Raman spectroscopy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Comparison of clinical and laboratory characteristics of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder with or without anti-connective tissue antibodies: an 18-month cohort follow-up.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- HE4: a potential diagnostic biomarker in autoimmune diseases.Central-European journal of immunology · 2026Review
- A bidirectional immuno-microfluidic chip for detecting autoantibodies based on an indirect assay.Mikrochimica acta · 2025Article
- Fusion of Generative AI Techniques and Machine Learning Models to Generate and Investigate Biosignals for Glucose Sensors.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Observational
- Harnessing ExDNA for precision exatecan delivery in cancer: a novel antibody-drug conjugate approach.Molecular cancer · 2025Article
- Vitamin D as an Immune Modulator in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Narrative Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) are valuable laboratory markers to screen for and support the diagnosis of various rheumatic diseases (known as ANA-associated rheumatic diseases). The importance of ANA testing has been reinforced by the inclusion of ANA positivity as an entry criterion in the 2019 systemic lupus erythematosus classification criteria. In addition, specific ANAs (such as antibodies to Sm, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), SSA/Ro60, U1RNP, topoisomerase I, centromere protein B (CENPB), RNA polymerase III and Jo1) are included in classification criteria for other rheumatic diseases. A number of techniques are available for detecting antibodies to a selection of clinically relevant antigens (such as indirect immunofluorescence and solid phase assays). In this Review, we discuss the advantages and limitations of these techniques, as well as the clinical relevance of the differences between the techniques, to provide guidance in understanding and interpreting ANA test results. Such understanding not only necessitates insight into the sensitivity and specificity of each assay, but also into the importance of the disease context and antibody level. We also highlight the value of titre-specific information (such as likelihood ratios).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.