SynthesisScientific reports2020
An individual participant data analysis of prospective cohort studies on the association between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and depressive symptoms.
Synthesis in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hyperthyroidism and clinical depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Translational psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Levels and Depression in Older Adults: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analyses in a Community-Dwelling Population.The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry · 2026Trial
- Effect of Levothyroxine Therapy on the Development of Depressive Symptoms in Older Adults With Subclinical Hypothyroidism: An Ancillary Study of a Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2021Trial
- The impact of autoimmune thyroid disease on cognitive and psychiatric disorders: focus on clinical, pre-clinical and molecular studies.European thyroid journal · 2025Review
- Prevalence and Risk Factors of Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Young and Middle-Aged Patients With First-Episode Drug-Naïve Major Depressive Disorder.Depression and anxiety · 2025Article
- Hypothyroidism Promotes Microglia M1 Polarization by Inhibiting BDNF-Promoted PI3K-Akt Signaling Pathway.Neuroendocrinology · 2025Article
- Association of Low-Normal Free T4 Levels With Future Major Depression Development.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2023Article
- Exploring the Genetic Link Between Thyroid Dysfunction and Common Psychiatric Disorders: A Specific Hormonal or a General Autoimmune Comorbidity.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2023Article
- Association of high BMI with subclinical hypothyroidism in young, first-episode and drug-naïve patients with major depressive disorder: a large-scale cross-sectional study.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2023Article
- Organ-differential Roles of Akt/FoxOs Axis as a Key Metabolic Modulator during Aging.Aging and disease · 2021Review
- Thyroid Function and Mood Disorders: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2021Article
- Risk factors and consequences of depression in later life: Findings from the health in men study (HIMS).Aging brain · 2021Article
- Interaction Mechanisms Between Major Depressive Disorder and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
27 authors at 15 institutions in 8 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In subclinical hypothyroidism, the presence of depressive symptoms is often a reason for starting levothyroxine treatment. However, data are conflicting on the association between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and depressive symptoms. We aimed to examine the association between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and depressive symptoms in all prospective cohorts with relevant data available. We performed a systematic review of the literature from Medline, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and the Cochrane Library from inception to 10th May 2019. We included prospective cohorts with data on thyroid status at baseline and depressive symptoms during follow-up. The primary outcome was depressive symptoms measured at first available follow-up, expressed on the Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) scale (range 0-63, higher values indicate more depressive symptoms, minimal clinically important difference: 5 points). We performed a two-stage individual participant data (IPD) analysis comparing participants with subclinical hypo- or hyperthyroidism versus euthyroidism, adjusting for depressive symptoms at baseline, age, sex, education, and income (PROSPERO CRD42018091627). Six cohorts met the inclusion criteria, with IPD on 23,038 participants. Their mean age was 60 years, 65% were female, 21,025 were euthyroid, 1342 had subclinical hypothyroidism and 671 subclinical hyperthyroidism. At first available follow-up [mean 8.2 (± 4.3) years], BDI scores did not differ between participants with subclinical hypothyroidism (mean difference = 0.29, 95% confidence interval = - 0.17 to 0.76, I
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.