ArticleBMJ open2020
Factors associated with social isolation and being homebound among older patients with diabetes: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effective Interventions for Homebound Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review.Current diabetes reports · 2025Pooled it
- Multidimensional factors affecting homebound older adults: A systematic review.Journal of nursing scholarship : an official publication of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing · 2022Pooled it
- Article
- Predicting social isolation in maintenance hemodialysis patients using machine learning methods: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Experiences of social isolation among older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A qualitative study.PloS one · 2026Article
- Latent profiles of emotional perceptions of ageing and health promotion lifestyle in older adults with diabetes: the mediating role of frailty.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2025Article
- Identification of potentially inappropriate medications characteristic of older individuals with diabetes: a study using pharmacy claims data.Journal of pharmaceutical health care and sciences · 2025Article
- A Comparison of Higher-Level Functional Capacity Between Older Adults with and Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study Using Propensity Score Matching.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Review
- Relationship between Type D personality and adverse health outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes: The parallel mediating roles of diabetes distress and social isolation.Nursing open · 2023Article
- Effects of Social Interaction and Depression on Homeboundness in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Living Alone.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Correlates of Social Isolation Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Frontiers in public health · 2021Article
- Factors Associated With Subjective Wellbeing in Community-Dwelling Homebound Older Adults With Diabetes in the US.Sage open agingArticle
- Development of the "Social Participation Barriers in Patients With Diabetes" Questionnaire for Older Patients With Diabetes and Evaluation of its Reliability and Validity.Gerontology & geriatric medicineArticle
- Social Isolation of Older Adults With Diabetes.Gerontology & geriatric medicineReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveWe aimed at investigating factors associated with social isolation and being homebound in older patients with diabetes.
designCross-sectional study. SETTINGS: Those undergoing outpatient treatments at Ise Red Cross Hospital, Mie Prefecture.
participantsPatients with diabetes aged ≥65 years. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Social isolation was defined as indulging in less than one interaction per week with individuals other than cohabiting family members. We defined homebound as going outside home less than once a day. To identify factors associated with social isolation and being homebound, we performed logistic regression analysis. The dependent variable was social isolation or homebound and independent variables were basic attributes, glycaemic parameters, complications and treatment details.
resultsWe analysed 558 cases (320 men and 238 women). Among these, 174 (31.2%) were socially isolated; meanwhile, 87 (15.6%) were homebound. The glycoalbumin/haemoglobin A1c ratio (OR 4.52; 95% CI 1.07 to 19.1; p=0.040) and the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence (TMIG-IC) scores (OR 0.72; 95% CI 0.57 to 0.90; p=0.006) had significant associations with social isolation. TMIG-IC scores (OR 0.78; 95% CI 0.66 to 0.92; p=0.003) and insulin use (OR 4.29; 95% CI 1.14 to 16.1; p=0.031) were associated with being homebound.
conclusionIn older patients with diabetes, glycaemic fluctuations and insulin use are associated with social isolation and being homebound, respectively. In addition, a decline in higher level functional capacity is a common factor associated with social isolation and being homebound. Thus, it is important to pay attention to social isolation and being homebound when a decline in higher level functional capacity, increased glycaemic fluctuations and insulin use in older patients with diabetes are observed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.