ArticleBMC genomics2020
Genome mining and UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS to identify the potential antimicrobial compounds and determine the specificity of biosynthetic gene clusters in Bacillus subtilis NCD-2.
Article in BMC genomics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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29 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Functional diversity and ecological consequences of endophytic Bacillus-plant interactions.Folia microbiologica · 2026Review
- From genome to field, biocontrol efficacy of Bacillus subtilis strain M10 against Rhizoctonia solani in common bean.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Whole-genome sequencing and biosynthetic gene cluster analysis of Bacillus subtilis BAGL as a potent antifungal biocontrol agent against phytopathogenic fungi.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2026Article
- Development and Utilization of Quantitative Detection for Probiotics Bacillus velezensis B31 with Potential Protection Against Tomato Fusarium Wilt.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Sodium butyrate ameliorates intestinal motility and is associated with enteric neuroimmune changes in slow transit constipation mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Genomic insights and evaluation ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Comparative genome mining and metabolomics reveal divergent NRPS-derived fengycin biosynthetic gene clusters inFEMS microbes · 2026Article
- Genomic and functional characterization of a lipopeptide-producing endophytic Bacillus velezensis EL isolated from Euphorbia cyparissias L.Microbial cell factories · 2025Article
- Genome-Guided Identification and Characterisation of Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Compounds of Bacillus velezensis Strain PD9 Isolated from Stingless Bee Propolis.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Article
- Exploring the potential of Bacillus spp. for secondary metabolite production through genome mining approaches.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2025Article
- Next-generation antifungal peptide discovery: the synergy of artificial intelligence and omics technologies.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2025Review
- Article
- Correlation Study on Antibiotic Resistance and Antibacterial Activity of Soil Microorganisms in Lop Nur.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Identification ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Defense Responses Stimulated by Bacillus subtilis NCD-2 Through Salicylate- and Jasmonate-Dependent Signaling Pathways Protect Cotton Against Verticillium Wilt.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Fengycin-essential oil emulsions as sustainable biocontrol formulations againstFrontiers in plant science · 2025Article
- Insight into Antifungal Metabolites fromBiomolecules · 2024Article
- Characterization and genome mining ofHeliyon · 2024Article
- Genomic insights into Bacillus subtilis MBB3B9 mediated aluminium stress mitigation for enhanced rice growth.Scientific reports · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBacillus subtilis strain NCD-2 is an excellent biocontrol agent against plant soil-borne diseases and shows broad-spectrum antifungal activities. This study aimed to explore some secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters and related antimicrobial compounds in strain NCD-2. An integrative approach combining genome mining and structural identification technologies using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS), was adopted to interpret the chemical origins of metabolites with significant biological activities.
resultsGenome mining revealed nine gene clusters encoding secondary metabolites with predicted functions, including fengycin, surfactin, bacillaene, subtilosin, bacillibactin, bacilysin and three unknown products. Fengycin, surfactin, bacillaene and bacillibactin were successfully detected from the fermentation broth of strain NCD-2 by UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. The biosynthetic gene clusters of bacillaene, subtilosin, bacillibactin, and bacilysin showed 100% amino acid sequence identities with those in B. velezensis strain FZB42, whereas the identities of the surfactin and fengycin gene clusters were only 83 and 92%, respectively. Further comparison revealed that strain NCD-2 had lost the fenC and fenD genes in the fengycin biosynthetic operon. The biosynthetic enzyme-related gene srfAB for surfactin was divided into two parts. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that FenE in strain NCD-2 had a similar function to FenE and FenC in strain FZB42, and that FenA in strain NCD-2 had a similar function to FenA and FenD in strain FZB42. Five different kinds of fengycins, with 26 homologs, and surfactin, with 4 homologs, were detected from strain NCD-2. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a non-typical gene cluster related to fengycin synthesis.
conclusionsOur study revealed a number of gene clusters encoding antimicrobial compounds in the genome of strain NCD-2, including a fengycin synthetic gene cluster that might be unique by using genome mining and UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. The production of fengycin, surfactin, bacillaene and bacillibactin might explain the biological activities of strain NCD-2.
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