ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2020
Survival in Children With Congenital Heart Disease: Have We Reached a Peak at 97%?
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 206 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
206 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 380 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of social determinants of health on perioperative and interstage outcomes in congenital heart surgery a systematic review.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Pooled it
- The effect of strength training interventions on people with congenital heart disease: a systematic review.Open heart · 2025Pooled it
- Meta-analysis on sex differences in mortality and neurodevelopment in congenital heart defects.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- The Effect of an Educational Application on The Quality of Life and Treatment Adherence in Mothers of Children with Congenital Heart Disease Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.International journal of community based nursing and midwifery · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Long-term immunological impairment after early thymectomy in congenital heart disease.Immunologic research · 2026Article
- Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging for preoperative evaluation of cerebral microstructure and neurodevelopment in children with congenital heart disease.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- Article
- Life-Course Noncardiac Comorbidity Burden and Mortality in Lower-Complexity Congenital Heart Disease.JACC. Advances · 2026Article
- Menstrual Health in Adolescents with Congenital Heart DiseaseJournal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology · 2026Article
- Pediatric Cardiology as the Science of Adaptation Under Cardiovascular Constraint: Rethinking the Fundamental Unit of Analysis.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Review
- Outcomes after a first acute myocardial infarction in patients with or without congenital heart disease.European heart journal · 2026Article
- Congenital heart defects: familial recurrence patterns in Sweden.European heart journal · 2026Article
- Health-Related Quality of Life in Adolescents and Young Adults with Congenital Heart Disease and Its Predictors, Including Subjective Transition Readiness to Adulthood.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
- Comparison of a Cardiac Specific Versus a General Instrument to Assess Health-Related Quality of Life 4-5 Years After Cardiac Surgery in Early Infancy.CJC pediatric and congenital heart disease · 2026Article
- Medical Travel and Geographic Inequities in Access to Pediatric Congenital Heart Surgery: Evidence from a Nationwide Cohort in South Korea.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
- Early neurodevelopment predicts driving experience in early adulthood in a congenital heart disease cohort.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Congenital Heart Defects, Special Needs, and Developmental Vulnerability in Singleton Children at School Age: A Population-Based Data Linkage Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Academic Achievements in Adolescents With Congenital Heart Disease: A Total Population-Based Cohort Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Prenatal detection and outcome of major heart defects in a country with universal screening.Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · 2026Article
146 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background Despite advances in pediatric health care over recent decades, it is not clear whether survival in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) is still increasing. Methods and Results We identified all patients with CHD using nationwide Swedish health registries for 1980 to 2017. We examined the survival trends in children with CHD; we investigated the mortality risk in patients with CHD compared with matched controls without CHD from the general population using Cox proportional regression models and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Among 64 396 patients with CHD and 639 012 matched controls without CHD, 3845 (6.0%) and 2235 (0.3%) died, respectively. The mean study follow-up (SD) was 11.4 (6.3) years in patients with CHD. The mortality risk was 17.7 (95% CI, 16.8-18.6) times higher in children with CHD compared with controls. The highest mortality risk was found during the first 4 years of life in patients with CHD (hazard ratio [HR], 19.6; 95% CI, 18.5-20.7). When stratified by lesion group, patients with non-conotruncal defects had the highest risk (HR, 97.2; 95% CI, 80.4-117.4). Survival increased substantially according to birth decades, but with no improvement after the turn of the century where survivorship reached 97% in children with CHD born in 2010 to 2017. Conclusions Survival in children with CHD has increased substantially since the 1980s; however, no significant improvement has been observed this century. Currently, >97% of children with CHD can be expected to reach adulthood highlighting the need of life-time management.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.