Trial reportInternational journal of molecular sciences2020
Tumour-Infiltrating Inflammatory Cells in Early Breast Cancer: An Underrated Prognostic and Predictive Factor?
Trial report in International journal of molecular sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- B-cells in breast cancer: current insights and challenges.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Prognostic Significance of Macrophage Phenotypes in Peri-Tumoral Normal Tissue of Early-Stage Breast Cancer.Cells · 2025Article
- Multifaceted function of B cells in tumorigenesis.Frontiers of medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Programmed Death-Ligand (PD-L1), Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), Relaxin, and Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 (MMP3): Potential Biomarkers of Malignancy in Canine Mammary Neoplasia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Investigating tumor immunogenicity in breast cancer: deciphering the tumor immune response to enhance therapeutic approaches.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Prognostic value of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet counts during chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer.Saudi medical journal · 2023Article
- Dual Functions of T Lymphocytes in Breast Carcinoma: From Immune Protection to Orchestrating Tumor Progression and Metastasis.Cancers · 2023Review
- Canine Mammary Neoplasia Induces Variations in the Peripheral Blood Levels of CD20, CD45RA, and CD99.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- B Cells in Breast Cancer Pathology.Cancers · 2023Review
- The current understanding of the immune landscape relative to radiotherapy across tumor types.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Article
- Immunological profiles of the breast cancer microenvironment represented by tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and PD-L1 expression.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Prognostic Characteristics of Immune-Related Genes and the Related Regulatory Axis in Patients With Stage N+M0 Breast Cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Current Understanding of the Roles of CD1a-Restricted T Cells in the Immune System.Molecules and cells · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The role of tumour-infiltrating inflammatory cells (TIICs) in the disease progression of hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer (HR+ BC) is largely unclear since it is generally regarded as the least immunogenic BC subtype. This study investigated the prognostic significance of CD1a+ dendritic cells, CD20+ B cells, CD45RO+ memory T cells and CD4+ T-helper cells in HR+ BC. One hundred and forty-six patients were treated for early stage, distant-metastases-free HR+ BC in an accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) phase II trial. Immunohistochemistry was used to double-stain two adjoining sets of tissue microarrays from pre-RT (radiotherapy) tumour resection samples for CD1a/CD20 and CD45RO/CD4. Cell densities of CD1a+, CD20+, CD45RO+ and CD4+ TIICs in the stromal and intraepithelial compartment were registered semiautomatically. High densities of CD20+ and CD4+ TIICs were strongly associated with reduced disease-free survival (DFS), while high stromal CD45RO+ TIIC densities were indicators of subsequent successful treatment. An immunoscore based on CD20+ and CD45RO+ TIIC densities identified three different risk groups (
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.