ArticleAmerican journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)2021
Effects of a gestational level of estradiol on cellular transition, migration, and inflammation in cervical epithelial and stromal cells.
Article in American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Distinct pregnancy challenges in PCOS women undergoing IVF/ICSI with singleton and twin births: a propensity-matched analysis.Journal of ovarian research · 2026Article
- PGK1 Regulates Oxidative Stress in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus through the Estradiol-Keap1-Nrf2 Pathway.International journal of biological sciences · 2025Article
- Review
- Effects of Ureaplasma parvum infection in the exosome biogenesis-related proteins in ectocervical epithelial cells.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2024Article
- Impact of bisphenol A on cell viability and inflammatory cytokine production in human cervical epithelial cells.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2023Article
- Modeling ascending Ureaplasma parvum infection through the female reproductive tract using vagina-cervix-decidua-organ-on-a-chip and feto-maternal interface-organ-on-a-chip.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2022Article
- Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of feto-maternal reproductive tissues generates inflammation: a detrimental factor for preterm birth.BMB reports · 2022Article
- Spontaneous preterm birth: Involvement of multiple feto-maternal tissues and organ systems, differing mechanisms, and pathways.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Exosomes fromFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Article
- Oestrogen-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in endometriosis: Aetiology of vaginal agenesis in Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Review
- Inflammatory response elicited by Ureaplasma parvum colonization in human cervical epithelial, stromal, and immune cells.Reproduction (Cambridge, England) · 2021Article
- Oxidative stress promotes cellular damages in the cervix: implications for normal and pathologic cervical function in human pregnancy†.Biology of reproduction · 2021Article
- Progesterone alters human cervical epithelial and stromal cell transition and migration: Implications in cervical remodeling during pregnancy and parturition.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2021Article
- Organ-on-chip of the cervical epithelial layer: A platform to study normal and pathological cellular remodeling of the cervix.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2021Article
- Breaking Down the Barrier: The Role of Cervical Infection and Inflammation in Preterm Birth.Frontiers in global women's health · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
problemEstrogen (E2) is one of the main steroid hormones associated with pregnancy and parturition. High levels of E2 increase uterine contractions, promote fetal membrane weakening, and induce degradation of the cervical extracellular matrix (ECM). Current evidence supports the role of E2 in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inflammation in different cell types; however, its effects on the cellular components of the cervix are still unknown. METHOD OF STUDY: In this study, we assessed the effects of gestational levels of E2 in: (a) the cellular transition of endocervical epithelial cells (EEC) and cervical stromal cells (CSC) in vitro using immunocytochemical staining and Western blot analyses for EMT markers (cytokeratin-18, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, SNAIL, and vimentin); (b) cell migration using in vitro scratch assays; (c) inflammatory cytokine (interleukin 1β and TNF-α) and MMP9 production under untreated and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated conditions using immunoassays.
resultsE2 treatment and co-treatment with LPS as a proxy for infection maintained the metastate of EEC (expression of both cytokeratin and vimentin) and the mesenchymal state of CSC. E2 delayed wound healing, which mimics the tissue remodeling process, in EEC and CSC. E2 led to persistently elevated levels of vimentin throughout the EEC wound healing process. E2 did not affect inflammatory cytokine production by EEC and CSC but increased MMP9 production by EEC.
conclusionCollectively, these results show that third trimester levels of E2 may permit localized inflammation, increase MMP-9 production, and cause an EMT-mediated impairment of the remodeling process in the cervix in vitro. These data suggest a potential contribution of E2 in cervical ripening.
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