ArticleReproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)2021
Examining Sex Differences in the Human Placental Transcriptome During the First Fetal Androgen Peak.
Article in Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sexual Dimorphism in Placental mTORC1 Signaling, Amino Acid Transport, and Mitochondrial Respiration at Term.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Sex-specific outcomes following chorioamnionitis.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Article
- Prenatal methylmercury exposure disrupts developmental trajectories and induces sex-specific toxicity in pubertal rats.Research square · 2026Article
- The influence of fetal sex on preterm birth risk in gestational diabetes mellitus: A retrospective cohort study.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2026Article
- A comparative study on infant growth between assisted reproductive technology pregnancy and natural pregnancy.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2025Article
- Review
- Association of placental mitochondrial DNA mutations on infant negative affectivity: modifying effects of maternal lifetime stress and infant sex.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- Sex-differentiated placental methylation and gene expression regulation has implications for neonatal traits and adult diseases.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Roles of chromosomal and gonadal sex in the fetal and placental responses to maternal food restriction in mice.Molecular human reproduction · 2025Article
- Article
- Taprenepag restores maternal-fetal interface homeostasis for the treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- MCM proteins are up-regulated in placentas of women with reduced insulin sensitivity.Bioscience reports · 2024Article
- Sexually dimorphic DNA methylation and gene expression patterns in human first trimester placenta.Biology of sex differences · 2024Article
- Transcriptomic comparison of in vitro models of the human placenta.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- High-throughput mRNA sequencing of human placenta shows sex differences across gestation.Placenta · 2024Article
- DNA methylation profiles reveal sex-specific associations between gestational exposure to ambient air pollution and placenta cell-type composition in the PRISM cohort study.Clinical epigenetics · 2023Article
- RISING STARS: Mechanistic insights into maternal-fetal cross talk and islet beta-cell development.The Journal of endocrinology · 2023Review
- Regulation of sexually dimorphic placental adaptation in LPS exposure-induced intrauterine growth restriction.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2023Article
- Genome-Wide Re-Sequencing Data Reveals the Population Structure and Selection Signatures of Tunchang Pigs in China.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Sex differences in human placenta exist from early pregnancy to term, however, it is unclear whether these differences are driven solely by sex chromosome complement or are subject to differential sex hormonal regulation. Here, we survey the human chorionic villus (CV) transcriptome for sex-linked signatures from 11 to 16 gestational weeks, corresponding to the first window of increasing testis-derived androgen production in male fetuses. Illumina HiSeq RNA sequencing was performed on Lexogen Quantseq 3' libraries derived from CV biopsies (n = 11 females, n = 12 males). Differential expression (DE) was performed to identify sex-linked transcriptional signatures, followed by chromosome mapping, pathway analysis, predicted protein interaction, and post-hoc linear regressions to identify transcripts that trend over time. We observe 322 transcripts DE between male and female CV from 11 to 16 weeks, with 22 transcripts logFC > 1. Contrary to our predictions, the difference between male and female expression of DE autosomal genes was more pronounced at the earlier gestational ages. In females, we found selective upregulation of extracellular matrix components, along with a number of X-linked genes. In males, DE transcripts centered on chromosome 19, with mitochondrial, immune, and pregnancy maintenance-related transcripts upregulated. Among the highest differentially expressed autosomal genes were CCRL2, LGALS13, and LGALS14, which are known to regulate immune cell interactions. Our results provide insight into sex-linked gene expression in late first and early second trimester developing human placenta and lay the groundwork to understand the mechanistic origins of sex differences in prenatal development.
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