ArticleJournal of athletic training2022
The Effect of Lacrosse Protective Equipment on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Automated External Defibrillator Shock.
Article in Journal of athletic training, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Upper extremity lacrosse injuries presenting to United States emergency departments - 10 year review.JSES reviews, reports, and techniques · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextFor an acute cardiac event, on-field equipment removal is suggested, although how lacrosse equipment removal may alter the time to first chest compression and time to first automated external defibrillator (AED) shock remains unknown.
objectiveTo determine the time to first chest compression and first AED shock in 2 chest-exposure procedures with 2 pad types.
designCrossover study.
settingSimulation laboratory. PATIENTS OR OTHER
participantsA total of 36 athletic trainers (21 women, 15 men; age = 30.58 ± 7.81 years). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Participants worked in pairs to provide 2 rescuer cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) interventions on a simulation manikin outfitted with lacrosse pads and helmet. Participants completed 8 trials per pair (2 chest-exposure procedures × 2 pad types × 2 participant roles). The dependent variables were the time to first compression (seconds) and time to first AED shock (seconds). The independent variables were chest-exposure procedure with 2 levels (procedure 1: removal of the helmet while initiating CPR over the pads, followed by pad retraction and AED application; procedure 2: removal of the helmet and pads, followed by CPR and AED application) and pad type (Warrior Burn Hitman shoulder pads; Warrior Nemesis chest protector).
resultsWe found a significant interaction between chest-exposure procedure and pad type for the time to first compression (F1,35=4.66, P=0.04, ω2p=0.10), with faster times during procedure 1 for both the Nemesis pads (16.1±3.4 seconds) and Hitman pads (16.1±4.5 seconds) than during procedure 2 (Nemesis pads: 49.6±12.9 seconds, P<0.0001; Hitman pads: 53.8±14.5 seconds, P<0.0001).
conclusionsCompleting the initial cycle of chest compressions over either shoulder pads or a chest protector hastens the time to first chest compression without diminishing CPR quality, which may improve patient outcomes. The time to the first AED shock was not different between equipment procedures or pad types.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.