SynthesisJournal of preventive medicine and hygiene2020
Determine the most common clinical symptoms in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 184 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
184 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Psychological and Cognitive Sequelae of COVID-19: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing · 2026Pooled it
- Definition and measurement of post-COVID-19 conditions in real-world practice: a global systematic literature review.BMJ open · 2024Pooled it
- Cerebral small vessel disease pathology in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review.Ageing research reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of COVID-19 prevalence during preoperative COVID-19 screening in asymptomatic patients.BMJ open · 2022Pooled it
- Immunogenicity and Safety of the COVID-19 Vaccines Compared With Control in Healthy Adults: A Qualitative and Systematic Review.Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research · 2022Pooled it
- Clinical characteristics and outcome of coronavirus disease 2019 infection in patients with solid organ transplants: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of infection and public health · 2022Pooled it
- The prevalence of sensory changes in post-COVID syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Prevalence of post-COVID-19 symptoms in hospitalized and non-hospitalized COVID-19 survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of internal medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Telmisartan reduces systemic inflammation and alters the renin-angiotensin system in mild COVID-19.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Molecular Hydrogen Positively Affects Physical and Respiratory Function in Acute Post-COVID-19 Patients: A New Perspective in Rehabilitation.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Allergen-specific immunotherapy in rhinitis patients is associated with milder COVID-19 symptoms and improved quality of life.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Article
- Breathing Under Pressure: Psychological Burden and Recovery Trajectories in Patients Receiving Non-Invasive Respiratory Support from Acute COVID-19 to Respiratory Rehabilitation.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Psychopathologies in post-COVID outpatients differ from a psychosomatic control sample in a cross-sectional study.Discover mental health · 2026Article
- Evaluating acute and post-acute COVID-19 symptoms among patients with and without alcohol-related cirrhosis: implications for quality management.Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire) · 2026Article
- The Impact of Surfactant Protein-D Gene Polymorphism on COVID-19 Clinical Outcomes.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Article
- Baseline cohort profile: clinical and molecular characterisation of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients recruited into a longitudinal COVID-19 cohort study (COVGEN) in Malaysia.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- An Emerging Global Threat After The COVID-19 Pandemic: Monkeypox Similarities and Differences.Polish journal of microbiology · 2026Review
- Biomarkers of Multiorgan Failure in COVID-19: A Predictive Framework for Disease Severity and Clinical Outcomes.Saudi medical journal · 2026Article
- Unraveling the Mystery: COVID-19 and Diabetic Complications - A Journey from Pathophysiology to Treatment.Current diabetes reviews · 2026Review
124 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionCOVID-19 is an emerging infectious disease. The study about features of this infection could be very helpful in better knowledge about this infectious disease. The current systematic review and meta-analysis were aimed to estimate the prevalence of clinical symptoms of COVID-19 in a systematic review and meta-analysis.
methodsA systematic review using Medline/PubMed, Scopus, and Google scholar has been conducted. In the current systematic review and meta-analysis, the articles published in the period January 1, 2020, to April 2, 2020, written in English and reporting clinical symptoms of COVID-19 was reviewed. To assess, the presence of heterogeneity, the Cochran's Q statistic, the I
resultsThe most common symptoms in COVID-19 patients include: Fever 81.2% (95% CI: 77.9-84.4); Cough: 58.5% (95% CI: 54.2-62.8); Fatigue 38.5% (95% CI: 30.6-45.3); Dyspnea: 26.1% (95% CI: 20.4-31.8); and the Sputum: 25.8% (95% CI: 21.1-30.4). Based on the meta-regression results, the sample size used in different studies did not have a significant effect on the final estimate value (P > 0.05).
conclusionsConsidering the main symptoms of COVID-19 such as Fever, Cough, Fatigue, and Dyspnea can have a key role in early detection of this disease and prevent the transmission of the disease to other people.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.