ArticleInfection and drug resistance2020
Adherence to the Core Elements of Outpatient Antibiotic Stewardship: A Cross-Sectional Survey in the Tertiary Care Hospitals of Punjab, Pakistan.
Article in Infection and drug resistance, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Barriers and facilitators of implementing interventions to improve appropriate antibiotic use in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.Implementation science : IS · 2022Pooled it
- Physicians' perspectives on the perceived increase in respiratory infections post-COVID-19 in Pakistan: a qualitative study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Addressing Antimicrobial Resistance: A Point Prevalence Survey Using AWaRe Indicators from Outpatient Settings of Multan, Pakistan.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
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- Incidence and risk factors of resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections: a multicenter study in Lebanese tertiary hospitals.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- Development and assessment of the outpatient module of the Global-PPS: a standardized approach for measuring outpatient antimicrobial prescribing.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2025Article
- Facing antimicrobial resistance in cancer care: what the AIOM survey tells us about oncologists' awareness.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2025Article
- Pattern of antibiotic dispensing at pharmacies according to access, watch, reserve (AWaRe) classification: multicenter study after COVID-19 waves in different districts of Pakistan.BMC research notes · 2025Article
- Article
- Progress on the Global Research Agenda for Antimicrobial Resistance in Human Health in Pakistan: Findings and Implications.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Review
- An Assessment of the Current Level of Implementation of the Core Elements of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs in Public Hospitals in Ghana.Hospital pharmacy · 2024Article
- Barriers, facilitators, perceptions and impact of interventions in implementing antimicrobial stewardship programs in hospitals of low-middle and middle countries: a scoping review.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2024Article
- Identifying targets for antibiotic stewardship interventions in pediatric patients in Punjab, Pakistan: point prevalence surveys using AWaRe guidance.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Gaps in antimicrobial stewardship programmes in Asia: a survey of 10 countries.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2022Article
- How Are We Educating Future Physicians and Pharmacists in Pakistan? A Survey of the Medical and Pharmacy Student's Perception on Learning and Preparedness to Assume Future Roles in Antibiotic Use and Resistance.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Assessment of Adherence to the Core Elements of Hospital Antibiotic Stewardship Programs: A Survey of the Tertiary Care Hospitals in Punjab, Pakistan.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThere is a growing global interest in hospital-based antibiotic stewardship programs (ASPs). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends clinicians and facilities in outpatient department (OPD) to adhere to a set of stewardship activities called the Core Elements of Outpatient Antibiotic Stewardship (CEOAS). CEOAS includes 4 core elements for OPD facilities and clinicians each, ie, commitment, action, tracking and reporting, and education and expertise.
aimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the adherence of OPDs in tertiary care hospitals to CEOAS. DESIGN AND
settingA cross-sectional study in the hospitals in Punjab, Pakistan.
methodsStudy was reported as per STROBE guidelines. Data were collected from hospitals based on purposive sampling on the CEOAS framwork. On a summative scale, positive response to each core element worthed a score and higher the score better the adherence. Descriptive statistics was used for categorical variables while independent
resultsFifty-three tertiary care hospitals (n=22 public, n=31 private) participated (response rate=86.9%). No hospital reported "perfect" adherence. Overall, facilities and clinicians in OPDs were moderately adherent. Subgroup analysis indicated that hospitals in public and private were poorly (4.9) and moderately (6.0) adherent to CEOAS respectively, however, private clinicians scored significantly higher in action, and tracking and reporting. Tracking and reporting of antibiotics and education of patients and clinicians emerged as top deficiency areas in facilities and clinicians respectively.
conclusionSignificant gaps exist in the adherence to CEOAS. The deficiency areas highlighted in the study should be given priority in future policy shift.
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