ReviewNature reviews. Microbiology2021
The stringent response and physiological roles of (pp)pGpp in bacteria.
Review in Nature reviews. Microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 257 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
257 citing papers in PubMed, 381 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- When phage restriction is not immunity: Immune gates, replication-niche barriers, and assay-limited phenotypes.Engineering microbiology · 2026Article
- Investigation of the Gut Microbiome in Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia Compared to Healthy Controls: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study: Étude du microbiome intestinal chez les patients atteints de schizophrénie résistante au traitement par rapport aux témoins sains : étude pilote transversale.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2026Article
- Bacterial growth rate in populations and single cells.Nature microbiology · 2026Review
- The alarmone pGpp inhibits translation through GTP depletion.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Genome-wide fitness profiling reveals flagellar rotation as an energetic liability during anaerobic maintenance inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Implications of proteome allocation constraints for understanding interbacterial antagonism.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2026Review
- A global stress alarmone couples nutrient limitation to suppression of social signaling in bacteria.iScience · 2026Article
- Peptidoglycan Remodeling in Gram-Negative Bacteria: From Stress Adaptation to Antibiotic Tolerance and Therapeutic Targeting.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Itaconic Acid Directly Binds to the Cysteine Residue of PurF: A Novel Mechanism for Inhibiting Purine Metabolism in Porcine PathogenicMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- The (p)ppGpp Synthetase RelA Contributes to Virulence, Competition Capability and Antibiotic Resistance of Avian PathogenicMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- De novo or Salvage? Nucleotide Availability as a Driver of Bacterial Adaptation and Virulence.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Review
- Phage portal proteins counteract stringent-response-mediated restriction.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Sustained ppGpp production underpins months-long survival of a bacterium in growth arrest.mBio · 2026Article
- Role of starvation survival response mechanisms on ribosome integrity, antibiotic tolerances, and virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- Targeting the stringent response alters gene expression and extracellular vesicle RNA inMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Stringent Response Regulates the Persister Formation and Virulence ofMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Metabolism-Based Biomarkers for Rapid Phenotypic Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Clinical Rel mutations that increase basal (p)ppGpp promote conjugal transfer of staphylococcal resistance plasmids.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2026Article
- Biofilm-driven LPS remodeling and colanic acid overproduction mediate biocide adaptation and antibiotic cross-resistance in E. coli.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2026Article
197 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The stringent response is a stress signalling system mediated by the alarmones guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp) and guanosine pentaphosphate (pppGpp) in response to nutrient deprivation. Recent research highlights the complexity and broad range of functions that these alarmones control. This Review provides an update on our current understanding of the enzymes involved in ppGpp, pppGpp and guanosine 5'-monophosphate 3'-diphosphate (pGpp) (collectively (pp)pGpp) turnover, including those shown to produce pGpp and its analogue (pp)pApp. We describe the well-known interactions with RNA polymerase as well as a broader range of cellular target pathways controlled by (pp)pGpp, including DNA replication, transcription, nucleotide synthesis, ribosome biogenesis and function, as well as lipid metabolism. Finally, we review the role of ppGpp and pppGpp in bacterial pathogenesis, providing examples of how these nucleotides are involved in regulating many aspects of virulence and chronic infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.