ArticleNeurology2020
Association of work-family experience with mid- and late-life memory decline in US women.
Article in Neurology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Work-family trajectories and health: A systematic review.Advances in life course research · 2022Pooled it
- Associations between occupational trajectories at ages 35-55 and later-life cognition in older adults in Chile.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026Article
- Trajectories of late-life job insecurity and labor force participation: Associations with cognitive function and impairment in the Health and Retirement Study's harmonized cognitive assessment protocol.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Modeling approaches for estimating the effects of risk factors using longitudinal lifecourse exposure data in dementia research.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Review
- The predictive power of employment trajectories on cognition of older adults: Evidence from Chile.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Article
- Intimate partner violence and cognitive functioning - toward quantifying dementia risk.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Do type, timing and duration of life course non-employment differentially predict dementia risk? An application of sequence analysis.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Article
- Life course financial mobility and later-life memory function and decline by gender, and race and ethnicity: an intersectional analysis of the US KHANDLE and STAR cohort studies.The lancet. Healthy longevity · 2024Article
- 2024 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Promoting diverse perspectives: Addressing health disparities related to Alzheimer's and all dementias.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Care sequences leading to the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias: An analysis of electronic health records.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Mid-life employment trajectories and subsequent memory function and rate of decline in rural South Africa, 2000-22.International journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Modifiable Risk Factors for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias Among Middle Eastern and North African Immigrants to the United States.Innovation in aging · 2024Article
- Alzheimer's disease as a women's health challenge: a call for action on integrative precision medicine approaches.npj women's health · 2024Review
- Association Between Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Use and Memory Decline: Findings From the Health and Retirement Study.Neurology · 2023Article
- Consideration of sex and gender in Alzheimer's disease and related disorders from a global perspective.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo test the hypothesis that life course patterns of employment, marriage, and childrearing influence later-life rate of memory decline among women, we examined the relationship of work-family experiences between ages 16 and 50 years and memory decline after age 55 years among US women.
methodsParticipants were women ages ≥55 years in the Health and Retirement Study. Participants reported employment, marital, and parenthood statuses between ages 16 and 50 years. Sequence analysis was used to group women with similar work-family life histories; we identified 5 profiles characterized by similar timing and transitions of combined work, marital, and parenthood statuses. Memory performance was assessed biennially from 1995 to 2016. We estimated associations between work-family profiles and later-life memory decline with linear mixed-effects models adjusted for practice effects, baseline age, race/ethnicity, birth region, childhood socioeconomic status, and educational attainment.
resultsThere were 6,189 study participants (n = 488 working nonmothers, n = 4,326 working married mothers, n = 530 working single mothers, n = 319 nonworking single mothers, n = 526 nonworking married mothers). Mean baseline age was 57.2 years; average follow-up was 12.3 years. Between ages 55 and 60, memory scores were similar across work-family profiles. After age 60, average rate of memory decline was more than 50% greater among women whose work-family profiles did not include working for pay after childbearing, compared with those who were working mothers.
conclusionsWomen who worked for pay in early adulthood and midlife experienced slower rates of later-life memory decline, regardless of marital and parenthood status, suggesting participation in the paid labor force may protect against later-life memory decline.
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