Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33148795›Full record

ArticleJournal of virology2021

Characterization of Hepatitis B Precore/Core-Related Antigens.

Xupeng Hong, Laurie Luckenbaugh, Megan Mendenhall, Renae Walsh, Liza Cabuang, Sally Soppe, Peter A Revill, Dara Burdette, Becket Feierbach, William Delaney and 1 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of virology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed
6.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed, 72 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA formation in murine hepatic cells uncovers a late entry block.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Hepatitis B Virus Nucleocapsid Assembly.Journal of molecular biology · 2025
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. TheJournal of virology · 2024
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Xupeng HongDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7091-6108
Laurie LuckenbaughDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.
Megan MendenhallDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.
Renae WalshVictorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia.
Liza CabuangVictorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia.
Sally SoppeVictorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia.
Peter A RevillVictorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia.
Dara BurdetteGilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, USA.
Becket FeierbachGilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, USA.
William DelaneyGilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, USA.
Jianming HuDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA juh13@psu.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-3967-2133
Pennsylvania State University · USThe Royal Melbourne Hospital · AUGilead Sciences (United States) · US

Funding

MECHANISMS OF HEPADNAVIRUS ASSEMBLY AND REPLICATIONR01AI043453 · NIAID · PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV HERSHEY MED CTR · PI HU, JIANMING · 1999 to 2017
$5.9M
Mechanisms of Hepadnavirus Assembly and ReplicationR37AI043453 · NIAID · PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV HERSHEY MED CTR · PI Jianming Hu · 2018 to 2026
$3.8M
Regulation of Hepatitis B Virus Capsid AssemblyR01AI127670 · NIAID · PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV HERSHEY MED CTR · PI HU, JIANMING · 2016 to 2020
$1.9M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI043453NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI127670NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI043453
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Current therapies rarely cure chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection due to the persistence of the viral episome, the covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), in hepatocytes. The hepatitis B virus core-related antigen (HBcrAg), a mixture of the viral precore/core gene products, has emerged as one potential marker to monitor the levels and activities of intrahepatic cccDNA. In this study, a comprehensive characterization of precore/core gene products revealed that HBcrAg components included the classical hepatitis B virus core antigen (HBc) and e antigen (HBeAg) and, additionally, the precore-related antigen, PreC, retaining the N-terminal signal peptide. Both HBeAg and PreC antigens displayed heterogeneous proteolytic processing at their C termini resulting in multiple species, which varied with viral genotypes. HBeAg was the predominant form of HBcrAg in HBeAg-positive patients. Positive correlations were found between HBcrAg and PreC, between HBcrAg and HBeAg, and between PreC and HBeAg but not between HBcrAg and HBc. Serum HBeAg and PreC shared similar buoyant density and size distributions, and both displayed density and size heterogeneity. HBc, but not HBeAg or PreC antigen, was found as the main component of capsids in DNA-containing or empty virions. Neither HBeAg nor PreC protein was able to form capsids in cells or

Indexed as

BiomarkersCarcinoma, HepatocellularHepatitis BHepatitis B Core AntigensHepatitis B e AntigensHepatitis B virusHumansLiver NeoplasmsBiomarkersHepatitis B Core AntigensHepatitis B e AntigenscccDNAcovalently closed circular DNAHBcrAghepatitis B core-related antigenhepatitis B virusprecore/core

Identifiers

PMID33148795
PMCPMC7925093
OpenAlexW3095226549

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.