ArticleScience advances2020
Air pollution and COVID-19 mortality in the United States: Strengths and limitations of an ecological regression analysis.
Article in Science advances, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 793 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
793 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association of Particulate Matter (PM2.5) With COVID-19 Infection and Mortality in Low-and Middle-income Asian Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2026Pooled it
- The Role of Remote Sensing and Geospatial Analysis for Understanding COVID-19 Population Severity: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- The impact of air pollution on COVID-19 incidence, severity, and mortality: A systematic review of studies in Europe and North America.Environmental research · 2022Pooled it
- Article
- Changes of Long-Term Exposure to Ultrafine Particles From 2010 to 2019 in High Income Countries in Relation to Cardiovascular Diseases.GeoHealth · 2026Article
- AI-guided multi-omics analysis identifies NPC1-modulated susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection under PMNature communications · 2026Article
- Advanced reusable SAW-based particulate matter sensor with microheater and porous microstructured filter membrane for simultaneous PM10 and PM2.5 detection.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2026Article
- Article
- Ambient Air Pollution and COVID-19 in California.Research report (Health Effects Institute) · 2026Article
- Mapping the mortality niche of chronic lower respiratory diseases complicated by respiratory failure: a multiscale spatial analysis of environmental and social drivers.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Integrated monitoring of enveloped viruses in hospital environments: Detection, persistence, and implications for infection control.PloS one · 2026Article
- Paradoxical PM2.5-longevity estimates in global country panels are sensitive to differential trend control: a specification analysis, 2000-2023.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Understanding socioeconomic inequalities in COVID-19 vaccination: controlling endogenous selection in Cali, Colombia.International journal of health geographics · 2025Article
- Consideration of Cardiovascular Morbidities in the Relationship between Ambient Air Pollution Exposure and Individual-Level Adverse COVID-19 Outcomes: A Systematic Review.Current epidemiology reports · 2025Article
- Exploring Spatially Varying Associations of COVID-19 Rates with Contextual Socioeconomic, Health, and Environmental Factors under Partial Population Coverage of Vaccination: A Retrospective Ecological Study in Georgia, USA.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2025Article
- T-cell responses to highly conserved SARS-CoV-2 epitopes in Hispanic Americans receiving an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- A case-crossover analysis of short-term PMCommunications medicine · 2025Article
- The Relation of Air Pollution on Morbidity and Mortality of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Tekirdag, Türkiye.Iranian journal of public health · 2025Article
- REACH-OUT: Race, Ethnicity, and Air Pollution in COVID-19 Hospitalization OUTcomes.Research report (Health Effects Institute) · 2025Article
- The relationship between chronic air pollution exposure, neighborhood environmental vulnerability, and adverse COVID-19 morbidities among hospitalized New York City residents.Environment international · 2025Article
733 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Assessing whether long-term exposure to air pollution increases the severity of COVID-19 health outcomes, including death, is an important public health objective. Limitations in COVID-19 data availability and quality remain obstacles to conducting conclusive studies on this topic. At present, publicly available COVID-19 outcome data for representative populations are available only as area-level counts. Therefore, studies of long-term exposure to air pollution and COVID-19 outcomes using these data must use an ecological regression analysis, which precludes controlling for individual-level COVID-19 risk factors. We describe these challenges in the context of one of the first preliminary investigations of this question in the United States, where we found that higher historical PM
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.