Observational studyEpidemiology and infection2020
Pneumococcal serotypes in children, clinical presentation and antimicrobial susceptibility in the PCV13 era.
Observational study in Epidemiology and infection, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serotype distribution of invasive and non-invasive pneumococcal disease in children ≤5 years of age following the introduction of 10- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in infant national immunization programs: a systematic literature review.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Multidimensional analysis of costs and outcomes in a Colombian cohort of pediatricHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Back to the future? Drastic drop in serotype 19A carriage in daycare centers within two years after a second switch to PCV13 in Belgium.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Recurrent community-acquired pneumococcal meningitis in adults with and without identified predisposing factors.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2024Article
- Pediatric invasive pneumococcal disease in Bolívar, Colombia: a descriptive cross-sectional study.Le infezioni in medicina · 2024Article
- Changes in Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in the Paediatric Population in the Second COVID-19 Pandemic Year.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Systematic Literature Review of the Epidemiological Characteristics of Pneumococcal Disease Caused by the Additional Serotypes Covered by the 20-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Evolution of Antimicrobial Susceptibility to Penicillin in Invasive Strains ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Impact of the progressive uptake of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on the epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of invasive pneumococcal disease in Gipuzkoa, northern Spain, 1998-2022.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Article
- Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic evaluation of the antimicrobial therapy of pneumococcal invasive disease in adults in post-PCV13 vaccine period in Madrid, Spain.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim was to analyse invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) serotypes in children aged ⩽17 years according to clinical presentation and antimicrobial susceptibility. We conducted a prospective study (January 2012-June 2016). IPD cases were diagnosed by culture and/or real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Demographic, microbiological and clinical data were analysed. Associations were assessed using the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Of the 253 cases, 34.4% were aged <2 years, 38.7% 2-4 years and 26.9% 5-17 years. Over 64% were 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) serotypes. 48% of the cases were diagnosed only by real-time PCR. Serotypes 3 and 1 were associated with complicated pneumonia (P < 0.05) and non-PCV13 serotypes with meningitis (OR 7.32, 95% CI 2.33-22.99) and occult bacteraemia (OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.56-8.76). Serotype 19A was more frequent in children aged <2 years and serotypes 3 and 1 in children aged 2-4 years and 5-17 years, respectively. 36.1% of cases were not susceptible to penicillin and 16.4% were also non-susceptible to cefotaxime. Serotypes 14, 24F and 23B were associated with non-susceptibility to penicillin (P < 0.05) and serotypes 11, 14 and 19A to cefotaxime (P < 0.05). Serotype 19A showed resistance to penicillin (P = 0.002). In conclusion, PCV13 serotypes were most frequent in children aged ⩽17 years, mainly serotypes 3, 1 and 19A. Non-PCV13 serotypes were associated with meningitis and occult bacteraemia and PCV13 serotypes with pneumonia. Non-susceptibility to antibiotics of non-PCV13 serotypes should be monitored.
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