ArticleAntimicrobial resistance and infection control2020
Carriage of ESBL-producing Gram-negative bacteria by flies captured in a hospital and its suburban surroundings in Ethiopia.
Article in Antimicrobial resistance and infection control, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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11 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Seasonality and other factors influencing hospital acquisition of multi-drug-resistant Enterobacterales colonisation: a one-year cohort study - Botswana, 2022-2023.Infection prevention in practice · 2026Article
- Flies from meat processing facilities are carriers of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli and diverse Staphylococcaceae species.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2026Article
- From infestation to infection: a systematic review of arthropod-mediated microbial transmission in hospitals.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2026Review
- Tracking antimicrobial resistance transmission in urban and rural communities in Bangladesh: a One Health study of genomic diversity of ESBL-producing and carbapenem-resistantMicrobiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Hospital Wastes as Potential Sources for Multi-Drug-Resistant ESBL-Producing Bacteria at a Tertiary Hospital in Ethiopia.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Zoonotic sources and the spread of antimicrobial resistance from the perspective of low and middle-income countries.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2023Review
- Flies as Vectors and Potential Sentinels for Bacterial Pathogens and Antimicrobial Resistance: A Review.Veterinary sciences · 2022Review
- ESBL-ProducingAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Characterizing the bioburden of ESBL-producing organisms in a neonatal unit using chromogenic culture media: a feasible and efficient environmental sampling method.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2022Article
- Insects, Rodents, and Pets as Reservoirs, Vectors, and Sentinels of Antimicrobial Resistance.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Circulation of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-ProducingFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLocal data from the Asella Teaching and Referral Hospital in the town of Asella, Ethiopia reveal a high prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase- (ESBL) producing Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) in clinical isolates. To investigate a possible route of transmission, we determined the proportions ESBL-producing GNB in isolates from flies caught in the hospital and in the town of Asella.
methodsFlies were collected in August 2019 from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), the orthopedic ward, the hospital's waste disposal area, and from a butchery situated 1.5 km from the hospital. After trapping, the flies were macerated and suspended in sterile normal saline. The suspensions were inoculated on MacConkey agar and incubated overnight. Species identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed using Vitek®-MS and VITEK® 2.
resultsIn total, 103 bacterial isolates were obtained from 85 flies (NICU: 11 isolates from 20 flies, orthopedic ward: 10 isolates from 12 flies, waste disposal area: 37 isolates from 26 flies, butchery: 45 isolates from 27 flies). The proportions of ESBL-producing bacteria among isolates obtained from flies collected in the hospital compound were significantly higher (82%, 90%, and 57% in NICU, orthopedic ward and waste disposal area, respectively) compared to flies collected outside of the hospital compound (2% (@1/45) in the butchery) (p ≤ 0.001). The proportion of ESBL was 67% (6/9) among Raoultella spp. 67% (4/6) among Kluyvera spp., 56% (5/9) among Enterobacter spp., 50% (5/10) among E. coli, and 44% (8/18) among Klebsiella spp.. Of the 40 ESBL-genes detected, 85% were CTX-M-like, 83% TEM-like, 23% SHV-like, and 2% CTX-M-2-like. ESBL-producing bacteria showed higher rates of resistance against ciprofloxacin (66% vs. 5%), gentamicin (68% vs. 3%), piperacillin-tazobactam (78% vs. 5%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (88% vs. 16%), compared to non-ESBL-producing bacteria.
conclusionA high proportion of ESBL was identified in isolates from flies caught in the hospital compound compared with isolates of flies collected at a distance of 1.5 km from the hospital. Flies can be potential vectors for transmission of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria within hospitals. Further studies are needed to determine the source of MDR colonization in flies and possible impact of MDR for nosocomial infections.
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