ReviewVaccines2020
Ocular Manifestations of West Nile Virus.
Review in Vaccines, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Patterns and characteristics of cranial nerve neuropathy in West Nile virus infection: a systematic review of cases reported globally.BMJ open · 2025Pooled it
- [From Bite to Loss of Vision-Ocular Complications of West Nile Virus].Die Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Syphilitic Panuveitis and Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment: Diagnostic Pitfalls and Treatment Considerations.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- The first outbreak of neuroinvasive West Nile virus infection in Istanbul area within 2019.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Ocular involvement in West Nile virus infection: a multimodal imaging study.Eye (London, England) · 2025Article
- Atypical Unilateral Multifocal Choroiditis and Retinal Vasculitis Following Presumed West Nile Virus Infection.Ocular immunology and inflammation · 2025Article
- Extrapolation and comparison of West Nile virus- and Usutu virus-associated neurological diseases in humans: linking pathology to clinical symptoms.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- West Nile Virus Chorioretinitis: First Case with Ocular Involvement in Türkiye.Turkish journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- West Nile Virus (WNV): One-Health and Eco-Health Global Risks.Veterinary sciences · 2025Review
- Infectious eye disease in the 21st century-an overview.Eye (London, England) · 2024Review
- Lessons Learned from West Nile Virus Infection:Vaccinations in Equines and Their Implications for One Health Approaches.Viruses · 2024Review
- Bilateral multifocal chorioretinitis as the only presentation of acute West Nile virus infection: a case report.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Article
- West Nile Virus Meningoencephalitis-A Consideration for Earlier Investigation.Reports (MDPI) · 2024Article
- Insight into ocular complications of West Nile Virus: A case report of chorioretinal scarring.IDCases · 2024Article
- Viral infections and pathogenesis of glaucoma: a comprehensive review.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2023Review
- Ocular Manifestations of Flavivirus Infections.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Article
- Autochthonous West Nile Virus Infection Outbreak in Humans (Asti, Piedmont, Italy, August-October 2018) and Long-Term Sequelae Follow-Up.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2022Article
- Nervous System Manifestations of Arboviral Infections.Current tropical medicine reports · 2022Review
- Emerging Disease of the Desert: Rise of West Nile Virus Chorioretinitis in Arizona.Journal of vitreoretinal diseasesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ocular manifestations are a feature of West Nile virus infection. They mostly occur in association with severe neuroinvasive disease. Linear chorioretinitis is suggestive of the diagnosis and may raise diagnostic suspicion when associated with evocative systemic signs, and in an epidemic context. Various other less specific inflammatory ocular manifestations have been reported, including anterior uveitis, occlusive retinal vasculitis, optic neuritis, and diplopia. The pathophysiology of ocular disease remains unclear, but it reflects the neuroinvasiveness of the disease. Although ocular involvement most often resolves without visual sequelae, some patients may have permanent loss of vision, adding to the need for the development of a specific treatment and/or vaccines.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.