ArticlePloS one2020
HIV drug resistance profile in South Africa: Findings and implications from the 2017 national HIV household survey.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV-1 Antiretroviral Drug Resistance in Mozambique: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Viruses · 2024Pooled it
- HIV drug resistance in a community-randomized trial of universal testing and treatment: HPTN 071 (PopART).Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2022Trial
- Extensive diversity and impact of drug-resistant HIV-1 variants in individuals with prior virologic failure.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Prevalence, associated factors and geospatial patterns of HIV drug resistance in South Africa among the virally unsuppressed adults: updated results from the 2017 national HIV household survey.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Nationwide patterns of HIV drug resistance and high viral load in Sub-Saharan African countries.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2026Article
- A cross-sectional study evaluating the frequency of HIV drug resistance mutations among individuals diagnosed with HIV-1 in tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-based pre-exposure prophylaxis rollout programmes in Kenya, Zimbabwe, Eswatini and South Africa.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Article
- Modelling the impact of initiation delay, duration and prior PrEP on the efficacy of post-exposure prophylaxis containing a tenofovir/emtricitabine backbone.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Article
- Article
- K103N, V106M and Y188L Significantly Reduce HIV-1 Subtype C Phenotypic Susceptibility to Doravirine.Viruses · 2024Article
- Immunologic, virologic and drug resistance outcomes in an HIV-infected prospective cohort on treatment in South Africa.PloS one · 2024Observational
- Advancing HIV Drug Resistance Technologies and Strategies: Insights from South Africa's Experience and Future Directions for Resource-Limited Settings.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Cathelicidins and defensins antimicrobial host defense peptides in the treatment of TB and HIV: Pharmacogenomic and nanomedicine approaches towards improved therapeutic outcomes.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2022Review
- HPLC-Based Purification and Isolation of Potent Anti-HIV and Latency Reversing Daphnane Diterpenes from the Medicinal PlantViruses · 2022Article
- Past and current status of adolescents living with HIV in South Africa, 2005-2017.BMC research notes · 2022Article
- Acquired HIV drug resistance and virologic monitoring in a HIV hyper-endemic setting in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa.AIDS research and therapy · 2021Article
- Is there a role for doravirine in African HIV treatment programmes? A large observational resistance study in South Africa.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Observational
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHIV drug resistance (HIVDR) testing was included in the 2017 South African national HIV household survey. We describe the prevalence of HIVDR by drug class, age, sex and antiretroviral drugs (ARV) status.
methodsDried blood were spots tested for HIV, with Viral load (VL), exposure to ARVs and HIVDR testing among those HIV positive. HIVDR testing was conducted on samples with VL ≥1000 copies/ml using Next Generation Sequencing. Weighted percentages of HIVDR are reported.
results697/1,105 (63%) of HIV positive samples were sequenced. HIVDR was detected in samples from 200 respondents (27.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 22.8-32.6)). Among these 130 (18.9% (95% CI 14.8-23.8)), had resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) only, 63 (7.8% (95% CI 5.6-10.9)) resistance to NNRTIs and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and 3 (0.5% (95% CI 0.1-2.1)) resistance to protease inhibitors. Sixty-five (55.7% (95% CI 42.6-67.9) of ARV-positive samples had HIVDR compared to 112 (22.8% (95% CI 17.7-28.7)), in ARV-negative samples. HIVDR was found in 75.6% (95% CI 59.2-87.3), n = 27, samples from respondents who reported ARV use but tested ARV-negative, and in 15.3% (95% CI 6.3-32.8), n = 7, respondents who reported no ARV use and tested ARV-negative. There were no significant age and sex differences in HIVDR.
conclusion27% of virally unsuppressed respondents had HIVDR, increasing to 75% among those who had discontinued ARV. Our findings support strengthening first-line ARV regimens by including drugs with a higher resistance barrier and treatment adherence strategies, and close monitoring of HIVDR.
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