ArticleEnvironmental science and pollution research international2021
Asymmetric effects of militarization on economic growth and environmental degradation: fresh evidence from Pakistan and India.
Article in Environmental science and pollution research international, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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3 citing papers in PubMed.
- The symmetric and asymmetric effects of economic policy uncertainty and oil prices on carbon emissions in the USA and China: evidence from the ARDL and non-linear ARDL approaches.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Article
- The trade-off between energy consumption, economic growth, militarization, and COEnvironmental science and pollution research international · 2022Article
- Does geopolitical risk escalate COEnvironmental science and pollution research international · 2021Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
To examine the asymmetric effects of militarization on economic growth and environmental degradation, this empirical research analyzes annual data of Pakistan and India over the period 1985-2018 using the NARDL econometric model. The empirical results show significant positive militarization effects on economic growth, while non-militarization also shows positive effects on the economic growth in Pakistan and India. Estimation showed that a 1% increase in militarization (non-militarization) led to 8.818% (3.849%) increase in GDP growth, whereas a 1% increase in militarization (non-militarization) decreased carbon emissions by - 1.034% (- 0.225%) in the long run in Pakistan, while militarization has also decreased the carbon emissions - 0.337% in India in the long run. The relationship between militarization and economic growth has an asymmetry in Pakistan and India in the short and long run, while asymmetry also exists between militarization and CO
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