Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33146817›Full record

ReviewCNS drugs2020

Improving the Delivery of Levodopa in Parkinson's Disease: A Review of Approved and Emerging Therapies.

Daniele Urso, K Ray Chaudhuri, Mubasher A Qamar, Peter Jenner

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in CNS drugs, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. High-dose versus low-dose inhaled levodopa (CVT-301) in patients with Parkinson disease for the treatment of OFF episodes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022
    Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Daniele Urso *Department of Neurosciences, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK. daniele.urso@kcl.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4503-0110
K Ray Chaudhuri *Department of Neurosciences, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2815-0505
Mubasher A QamarDepartment of Neurosciences, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
Peter JennerInstitute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College, London, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Levodopa is the most effective drug for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, but its use as an oral medication is complicated by its erratic absorption, extensive metabolism and short plasma half-life. On long-term use and with disease progression, there is a high incidence of motor and non-motor complications, which remain a major clinical and research challenge. It is widely accepted that levodopa needs to be administered using formulations that result in good and consistent bioavailability and the physiologically relevant and continuous formation of dopamine in the brain to maximise its efficacy while avoiding and reversing 'wearing off' and dyskinesia. However, the physicochemical properties of levodopa along with its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile make it difficult to deliver the drug in a manner that fulfils these criteria. In this review, we examine the problems associated with the administration of levodopa in Parkinson's disease and how the use of novel technologies and delivery devices is leading to a more consistent and sustained levodopa delivery with the aim of controlling motor function as well as non-motor symptoms.

Indexed as

Administration, OralAnimalsAntiparkinson AgentsDisease ProgressionDrug Delivery SystemsHalf-LifeHumansLevodopaParkinson DiseaseAntiparkinson AgentsLevodopa

Identifiers

PMID33146817

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.