Observational studyCephalalgia : an international journal of headache2020
Phenotypic characterization of acute headache attributed to SARS-CoV-2: An ICHD-3 validation study on 106 hospitalized patients.
Observational study in Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05704335 (INFLUENCEF STUDY), which is not on this map. Cited by 36 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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INFLUENCEF STUDY: Epidemiology, Risk Factors and Clinical Phenotype of Headache Associated With Influenza Infection
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Gender Disparities in Neurological Symptoms of Long COVID: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Neuroepidemiology · 2025Pooled it
- Headaches and facial pain attributed to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination: a systematic review.European journal of neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Headache onset after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.The journal of headache and pain · 2022Pooled it
- Headache as an acute and post-COVID-19 symptom in COVID-19 survivors: A meta-analysis of the current literature.European journal of neurology · 2021Pooled it
- Hallmarks of headache disorders: part 5 - secondary headaches.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Review
- New-Onset Headache After SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccination: Results From Three Population-Based Cohorts in Norway.European journal of neurology · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2-induced sensory perturbations: A narrative review of clinical phenotypes, molecular pathologies, and possible interventions.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Review
- Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide-Induced Central Sensitization: A Hypothesis for Long COVID Symptoms.Medical hypotheses · 2025Article
- The Impact of COVID-19 on Migraine: The Patients' Perspective.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Prevalence and Risk Factors of Headache Associated with COVID-19.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Acute and Preventive Treatment of COVID-19-Related Headache: A Series of 100 Patients.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- New daily persistent headache after SARS-CoV-2 infection in Latin America: a cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- [Subtle and subclinical neurological findings in patients with SARS-CoV-2].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2023Observational
- Headache in COVID-19 and Long COVID: to Know Facts for Clinical Practice.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2023Review
- New-onset headache following COVID-19: An Italian multicentre case series.Journal of the neurological sciences · 2023Article
- Structural brain changes in patients with persistent headache after COVID-19 resolution.Journal of neurology · 2023Article
- Treatment of COVID-19 Vaccine Resistant Migraine Attack with CGRP Monoclonal Antibody: A Case Report.Noro psikiyatri arsivi · 2023Article
- Headache in long COVID as disabling condition: A clinical approach.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- A comparison study of headache characteristics and headache-associated quality-of-life of COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients.Narra J · 2022Article
- Headache in Post-COVID-19 Patients: Its Characteristics and Relationship with the Quality of Life.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionHeadache is a common symptom of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. In this study, we aimed to characterize the phenotype of headache attributed to SARS-CoV-2 infection and to test the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3) phenotypic criteria for migraine and tension-type headache.
methodsThe study design was a cross-sectional study nested in a cohort. We screened all consecutive patients that were hospitalized and had a positive SARS-CoV-2 test. We included patients that described headache if the headache was not better explained by another ICHD-3 diagnosis. Patients were interviewed by two neurologists.
resultsWe screened 580 patients and included 130 (mean age 56 years, 64% female). Headache was the first symptom of the infection in 26% of patients and appeared within 24 hours in 62% of patients. The headache was bilateral in 85%, frontal in 83%, and with pressing quality in 75% of patients. Mean intensity was 7.1, being severe in 64%. Hypersensitivity to stimuli occurred in 57% of patients. ICHD-3 criteria for headache attributed to systemic viral infection were fulfilled by 94% of patients; phenotypic criteria for migraine were fulfilled by 25% of patients, and tension-type headache criteria by 54% of patients.
conclusionHeadache attributed to SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalized patients has severe intensity, frontal predominance and oppressive quality. It occurs early in the course of the disease. Most patients fulfilled ICHD-3 criteria for headache attributed to systemic viral infection; however, the phenotype might resemble migraine in a quarter of cases and tension-type headache in half of the patients.
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