ArticleArthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)2021
Association of Race and Ethnicity With COVID-19 Outcomes in Rheumatic Disease: Data From the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance Physician Registry.
Article in Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06469788 (Improving COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake Among Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups With Rheumatic Diseases), which is not on this map. Cited by 45 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Improving COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake Among Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups With Rheumatic Diseases
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between social deprivation and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic literature review.RMD open · 2022Pooled it
- American College of Rheumatology Guidance for COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients With Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases: Version 3.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2021Guideline
- American College of Rheumatology Guidance for COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients With Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases: Version 1.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2021Guideline
- Trial
- Article
- Interventions to Improve COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy.Rheumatic diseases clinics of North America · 2025Review
- Long-Term Mortality Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Rural Versus Urban Dwellers With Autoimmune or Inflammatory Rheumatic Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis From the National COVID Cohort Collaborative.Arthritis care & research · 2025Article
- Clinical Characteristics, Prognostic Factors, and Outcomes of COVID-19 in Autoimmune Rheumatic Disease Patients: A Retrospective Case-Control Study from Astana, Kazakhstan.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Association between sinusitis and incident rheumatic diseases: a population-based study.RMD open · 2024Article
- COVID-19 Infection and Clinical Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: Insights From the National Inpatient Sample.Journal of community hospital internal medicine perspectives · 2024Article
- Understanding Stakeholders' Perspectives to Increase COVID-19 Vaccine and Booster Uptake Among Black Individuals With Rheumatic Conditions.Arthritis care & research · 2023Article
- COVID-19 prognosis in systemic lupus erythematosus compared with rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis: results from the CONTROL-19 Study by the Italian Society for Rheumatology.Lupus science & medicine · 2023Observational
- Trends in mortality in patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARD) during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico.Rheumatology international · 2023Article
- Hospitalization, Critical Illness, and Mortality Outcomes of COVID-19 in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis.ACR open rheumatology · 2023Article
- Managing Immunosuppression in Vasculitis Patients in Times of Coronavirus Disease 2019.Rheumatic diseases clinics of North America · 2023Review
- Equity Considerations in COVID-19 Vaccination Studies of Individuals With Autoimmune Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases.Arthritis care & research · 2023Article
- Different COVID-19 outcomes among systemic rheumatic diseases: a nation-wide cohort study.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2023Article
- Factors associated with the severity of COVID-19 outcomes in people with neuromuscular diseases: Data from the International Neuromuscular COVID-19 Registry.European journal of neurology · 2023Article
- Antibody response to four doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in rare autoimmune rheumatic diseases: an observational study.Rheumatology advances in practice · 2023Article
- Predictors of COVID-19 severity and outcomes in Indian patients with rheumatic diseases: a prospective cohort study.Rheumatology advances in practice · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
28 authors at 14 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveRacial/ethnic minorities experience more severe outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the general US population. This study was undertaken to examine the association between race/ethnicity and COVID-19 hospitalization, ventilation status, and mortality in people with rheumatic disease.
methodsUS patients with rheumatic disease and COVID-19 were entered into the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance physician registry between March 24, 2020 and August 26, 2020 were included. Race/ethnicity was defined as White, African American, Latinx, Asian, or other/mixed race. Outcome measures included hospitalization, requirement for ventilatory support, and death. Multivariable regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, rheumatic disease diagnosis, comorbidities, medication use prior to infection, and rheumatic disease activity.
resultsA total of 1,324 patients were included, of whom 36% were hospitalized and 6% died; 26% of hospitalized patients required mechanical ventilation. In multivariable models, African American patients (OR 2.74 [95% CI 1.90-3.95]), Latinx patients (OR 1.71 [95% CI 1.18-2.49]), and Asian patients (OR 2.69 [95% CI 1.16-6.24]) had higher odds of hospitalization compared to White patients. Latinx patients also had 3-fold increased odds of requiring ventilatory support (OR 3.25 [95% CI 1.75-6.05]). No differences in mortality based on race/ethnicity were found, though power to detect associations may have been limited.
conclusionSimilar to findings in the general US population, racial/ethnic minorities with rheumatic disease and COVID-19 had increased odds of hospitalization and ventilatory support. These results illustrate significant health disparities related to COVID-19 in people with rheumatic diseases. The rheumatology community should proactively address the needs of patients currently experiencing inequitable health outcomes during the pandemic.
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Registered trials
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