ReviewWorld journal of urology2021
Penile cancer: potential target for immunotherapy?
Review in World journal of urology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pathogenesis of Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Molecular Update and Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Pooled it
- Survivin and Ki-67 immunohistochemical expression in penile squamous cell carcinoma: clinicopathological features and overall survival.International urology and nephrology · 2026Article
- Inflammation in Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The role of immunotherapy in targeting tumor microenvironment in genitourinary cancers.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Understanding the HPV associated cancers: A comprehensive review.Molecular biology reports · 2024Review
- HPV-related diseases in male patients: an underestimated conundrum.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2024Review
- Advances in molecular basis of response to immunotherapy for penile cancer: better screening of responders.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
- Advanced penile cancer with multiple metastases and self-amputation of penis: A rare case report.Urology case reports · 2023Article
- miR-138-5p-mediated HOXD11 promotes cell invasion and metastasis by activating the FN1/MMP2/MMP9 pathway and predicts poor prognosis in penile squamous cell carcinoma.Cell death & disease · 2022Article
- Proteases and HPV-Induced Carcinogenesis.Cancers · 2022Review
- Simultaneous and Spatially-Resolved Analysis of T-Lymphocytes, Macrophages and PD-L1 Immune Checkpoint in Rare Cancers.Cancers · 2022Article
- Immunotherapeutic Approaches for the Treatment of HPV-Associated (Pre-)Cancer of the Cervix, Vulva and Penis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Efficacy and Biomarker Exploration of Sintilimab Combined With Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Advanced Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma-A Report of Two Cases.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Immune landscape and immunotherapy for penile cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Immunotherapy in genitourinary cancers: achievements and perspectives.World journal of urology · 2021Article
- miRNA Expression Characterizes Histological Subtypes and Metastasis in Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Cancers · 2021Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposePenile cancer (PeCa) is a rare malignancy with a poor prognosis in advanced disease. There is still a limited understanding of the biological mediators that are important in the prognosis and therapy of the disease. This review aims to provide a summary of the immune micro-environment, molecular oncogenesis and the role of HPV in the disease applying to the potential of the use of immunotherapy.
methodsNarrative, non-systematic review based on publications retrieved by PubMed and EMBASE search.
resultsThe molecular mechanisms underlying penile carcinogenesis are complex, and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a well-characterized driver of penile cancer. Up to 50% of the penile carcinomas are HPV related. There is potential to improve prevention, treatment and follow-up strategies pertaining to the role of HPV in penile cancer. Immune response modifiers such as toll-like receptor agonists are being used in a topical fashion for penile intraepithelial neoplasia while immune checkpoint inhibitors are currently under clinical investigation for its application in penile cancer.
conclusionsThe knowledge of prognosis-relevant biological pathways in penile cancer is expanding. HPV plays an important role in the carcinogenesis. This can lead to the identification of therapeutic targets which could significantly influence the prognosis of advanced penile cancer. Clinical trials are being conducted to pave the way for immune-modifying treatment modalities.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.