ArticleGates open research2020
Are current avian influenza vaccines a solution for smallholder poultry farmers?
Article in Gates open research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Biosensor Technologies for Avian Influenza Detection: A New Frontier in Rapid Diagnostics for HPAI.Biosensors · 2026Review
- Modeling and assessing Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) spread, epidemiological control measures, and cost.PloS one · 2026Article
- Recombinant LAB vector engineered to secrete chicken IFN-λ3 induces an early but sustained activation of antiviral host responses against AIV infection.Poultry science · 2025Article
- Enhanced Immunogenicity of Chicken H9N2 Influenza Inactivated Vaccine Through a Novel Dual-Targeting Fusion Protein Strategy.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Evaluation of humoral immune response and milk antibody transfer in calves and lactating cows vaccinated with inactivated H5 avian influenza vaccine.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Avian Influenza: Understanding Avian Influenza Transmission via Mallard Migration Data.Interdisciplinary perspectives on infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Avian influenza in birds: Insights from a comprehensive review.Veterinary world · 2024Review
- Beyond traditional vaccines: Semi-purified low-pathogenic avian influenza H9N2 virus-like particles and their promise for broiler immunity.Veterinary world · 2024Article
- Article
- The Public Health Importance and Management of Infectious Poultry Diseases in Smallholder Systems in Africa.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Vaccination and Antiviral Treatment against Avian Influenza H5Nx Viruses: A Harbinger of Virus Control or Evolution.Vaccines · 2023Review
- Creating resistance to avian influenza infection through genome editing of the ANP32 gene family.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Rational approach to vaccination against highly pathogenic avian influenza in Nigeria: a scientific perspective and global best practice.Archives of virology · 2023Review
- Article
- Strategic construction of mRNA vaccine derived from conserved and experimentally validated epitopes of avian influenza type A virus: a reverse vaccinology approach.Clinical and experimental vaccine research · 2023Article
- Vaccine Preventable Zoonotic Diseases: Challenges and Opportunities for Public Health Progress.Vaccines · 2022Review
- Promising strategy for developing mRNA-based universal influenza virus vaccine for human population, poultry, and pigs- focus on the bigger picture.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Evaluation of Protective Efficacy of Influenza Virus Like Particles Prepared from H5N1 Virus of Clade 2.2.1.2 in Chickens.Vaccines · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vaccination against highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses, along with other measures, was successful in eradicating AI in very few countries where the competence of national veterinary services or the geography and bird density have contributed favorably to the outcome. The main constraints to an effective AI vaccination are vaccine composition matching field strains, reliable cold chain and logistics to target all poultry smallholders, constraints related to the availability of sufficient financial and human resources. When not conducted properly, vaccination can also contribute to the emergence of new field viral strains, through genetic drifts of HPAI viruses. While new technologies have improved the possibility to produce high quality vaccines matching field strains, recurrent issues like post-vaccination field surveillance and vaccination coverage continue to limit the relevance of AI vaccination in smallholder settings. A "game-changer" vaccine targeting smallholders should be universal to protect against all field viral strains and reduce significantly, if not totally eliminate, the need for costly post-vaccination surveillance. The ease of administration of this vaccine (eye drop or one single injection) would further contribute to its relevance in the field. These characteristics are considered essential for the product profile of an AI vaccine that can contribute in a meaningful way to the livelihoods of poultry smallholders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.