ArticleIn vivo (Athens, Greece)
Classical Drug Digitoxin Inhibits Influenza Cytokine Storm, With Implications for Covid-19 Therapy.
Article in In vivo (Athens, Greece). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Generation of an Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Alveolar Type II In Vitro Model to Study Influenza A Virus Infection and Drug Treatments.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Current anti-inflammatory strategies for treatment of heart failure: From innate to adaptive immunity.Pharmacological research · 2025Review
- Targeting senescent cells in aging and COVID-19: from cellular mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities.Cell regeneration (London, England) · 2024Review
- Inflammation in the COVID-19 airway is due to inhibition of CFTR signaling by the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Immune-Related MoleculesInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- New uses for an old remedy: Digoxin as a potential treatment for steatohepatitis and other disorders.World journal of gastroenterology · 2023Review
- Vir2Drug: a drug repurposing framework based on protein similarities between pathogens.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2023Article
- Probing the interaction of lysozyme with cardiac glycoside digitoxin: experimental andFrontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Article
- The therapeutic effect and mechanism of parthenolide in skeletal disease, cancers, and cytokine storm.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Nanoscale Technologies in the Fight against COVID-19: From Innovative Nanomaterials to Computer-Aided Discovery of Potential Antiviral Plant-Derived Drugs.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- Analyzing the Systems Biology Effects of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines to Assess Their Safety and Putative Side Effects.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Development of a new ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of digoxin and digitoxin in plasma: Comparison with a clinical immunoassay.Electrophoresis · 2022Article
- Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Bufalin Derivatives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Repurposing of the approved small molecule drugs in order to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 S protein and human ACE2 interaction through virtual screening approaches.Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics · 2022Article
- A Case-Control of Patients with COVID-19 to Explore the Association of Previous Hospitalisation Use of Medication on the Mortality of COVID-19 Disease: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- A systematic review of RdRp of SARS-CoV-2 through artificial intelligence and machine learning utilizing structure-based drug design strategy.Turkish journal of chemistry · 2022Review
- Leveraging knowledge of Asian herbal medicine and its active compounds as COVID-19 treatment and prevention.Journal of natural medicines · 2022Review
- Common cardiac medications potently inhibit ACE2 binding to the SARS-CoV-2 Spike, and block virus penetration and infectivity in human lung cells.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Covid-19 and development of heart failure: mystery and truth.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2021Review
- Repurposing Cardiac Glycosides: Drugs for Heart Failure Surmounting Viruses.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
aimInfluenza viruses, corona viruses and related pneumotropic viruses cause sickness and death partly by inducing cytokine storm, a hyper-proinflammatory host response by immune cells and cytokines in the host airway. Based on our in vivo experience with digitoxin as an inhibitor of TNFα-driven NFĸB signaling for cytokine expression in prostate cancer in rats and in cystic fibrosis in humans, we hypothesize that this drug will also block a virally-activated cytokine storm. Materials Methods: Digitoxin was administered intraperitoneally to cotton rats, followed by intranasal infection with 107TCID50/100 g of cotton rat with influenza strain A/Wuhan/H3N2/359/95. Daily digitoxin treatment continued until harvest on day 4 of the experiment.
resultsThe cardiac glycoside digitoxin significantly and differentially suppressed levels of the cytokines TNFα, GRO/KC, MIP2, MCP1, and IFNγ, in the cotton rat lung in the presence of influenza virus.
conclusionSince cytokine storm is a host response, we suggest that digitoxin may have a therapeutic potential not only for influenza and but also for coronavirus infections.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.