ArticlePharmaceutics2020
Enhancing the Oral Bioavailability of Candesartan Cilexetil Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: In Vitro Characterization and Absorption in Rats after Oral Administration.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nanoparticle-Based Therapies for Myocardial Injury and Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Translational Appraisal of Preclinical Evidence.Biomolecules · 2026Pooled it
- Control of cardiotoxicity via nasal in-situ pH-sensitive transbilosomal formulation of candesartan.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- A nonhydrolyzable candesartan cilexetil analog reveals synergistic activation as a tractable mechanism for TMEM175 modulation.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2026Article
- Nanotechnology for reproductive healthcare: a comprehensive review.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Preparation and Evaluation of Candesartan Cilexetil Solid Supersaturated Self-nanoemulsion Containing Phospholipids.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Article
- Unlocking Novel Therapeutic Potential of Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Innovative nanostructured lipid-particles of apocynin and clove oil tagged with Chitin oligosaccharide for amelioration of tacrolimus-induced nephrotoxicity.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- In Vitro and in vivo characterization of nasal pH-Responsive in-situ hydrogel of Candesartan-loaded invasomes as a potential stroke treatment.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025Article
- From In Vivo Predictive Dissolution to Virtual Bioequivalence: A GastroPlusPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Engineering Optimized Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Astaxanthin: A Response Surface Methodology Approach.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Article
- Quality by design approach of apocynin loaded clove oil based nanostructured lipid carrier as a prophylactic regimen in hemorrhagic cystitis in vitro and in vivo comprehensive study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Nanotechnological prospective for enhancing the antibacterial activity of mupirocin and cinnamon essential oil: a combination therapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Article
- Date Palm Extract (Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Development of a long-acting tablet with ticagrelor high-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers.Drug delivery and translational research · 2023Article
- Quality by Design Based Formulation of Xanthohumol Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles with Improved Bioavailability and Anticancer Effect against PC-3 Cells.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) and manufacturing contamination: A retrospective National Register Study into suspected associated adverse drug reactions.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2022Article
- Hypolipidemic Activity of Olive Oil-Based Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Containing Atorvastatin.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Shea Butter Potentiates the Anti-Bacterial Activity of Fusidic Acid Incorporated into Solid Lipid Nanoparticle.Polymers · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Candesartan Cilexetil (CC) is a prodrug widely used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, but it has some limitations, such as very poor aqueous solubility, high affinity to P-glycoprotein efflux mechanism, and hepatic first-pass metabolism. Therefore, it has very low oral bioavailability. In this study, glyceryl monostearate (GMS) and Capryol™ 90 were selected as solid and liquid lipids, respectively, to develop CC-NLC (nanostructured lipid carrier). CC was successfully encapsulated into NLP (CC-NLC) to enhance its oral bioavailability. CC-NLC was formulated using a hot homogenization-ultrasonication technique, and the physicochemical properties were characterized. The developed CC-NLC formulation was showed in nanometric size (121.6 ± 6.2 nm) with high encapsulation efficiency (96.23 ± 3.14%). Furthermore, it appeared almost spherical in morphology under a transmission electron microscope. The surgical experiment of the designed CC-NLC for absorption from the gastrointestinal tract revealed that CC-NLC absorption in the stomach was only 15.26% of that in the intestine. Otherwise, cellular uptake study exhibit that CC-NLCs should be internalized through the enterocytes after that transported through the systemic circulation. The pharmacokinetic results indicated that the oral bioavailability of CC was remarkably improved above 2-fold after encapsulation into nanostructured lipid carriers. These results ensured that nanostructured lipid carriers have a highly beneficial effect on improving the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs, such as CC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.