Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33138785›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2020

Law enforcement personnel are willing to change, but report influencing beliefs and barriers to optimised dietary intake.

Kristen MacKenzie-Shalders, Charlene Matthews, Joe Dulla, Robin Orr

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. A Systematic Review of Nutrition Interventions for Shift Workers, With Subgroup Analysis of First Responder Populations.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Prevalence of current chronic pain in Royal Canadian Mounted Police cadets.Canadian journal of pain = Revue canadienne de la douleur · 2024
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Kristen MacKenzie-ShaldersNutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Australia.
Charlene MatthewsNutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Australia.
Joe DullaRecruit Training Unit, Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department, California, LA, USA.
Robin OrrTactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina, Australia. rorr@bond.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8297-8288
Bond University · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

bacmroundLaw enforcement personnel have been recognized as having a high risk for several lifestyle-related health conditions which, in combination with the nature of their work (sedentary roles interspersed with intermittent high-intensity activity, shift work, and a high stress-load), can have a negative impact on their health. The aim of this study was to investigate the dietary habits and factors or barriers influencing these habits within a cohort of law enforcement personnel in the United States of America.

methodCross-sectional data were obtained via validated paper-based surveys being the Perceived Barriers to Healthy Eating, Food Choice Questionnaire and Rapid Eating Assessment for Participants, Short Version.

resultsA total of 159 participants (median age = 27 [range 19-60] years; 74% males) participated. Barriers to healthy eating included being busy and irregular working hours. Overall, 91% (n = 143) placed high importance on consuming nutritious food and 80% (n = 126) on food high in vitamins and minerals. A further 80% (n = 127) emphasized high protein content and 41% (n = 62) followed a high protein diet. Barriers to healthy eating included busy lifestyle (60%, n = 94), and irregular working hours (41%, n = 64). Overall, 80% (n = 127) were very willing to make changes in eating habits to be healthier.

conclusionLaw enforcement officers know what they should eat and report convenience and health the most important factors guiding their food choices. Knowing this, officers find challenges putting good dietary practices into practice due to factors like a busy lifestyle and irregular work hours. Reportedly "very willing" to make changes in their eating habits to be healthier, future interventions should focus on how to effect changes to their eating habits as opposed to focussing on what to eat.

Indexed as

EatingLaw EnforcementAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFeeding BehaviorFemaleFood PreferencesHumansMaleMiddle AgedYoung AdultBehaviourFood choiceHealthNutritionPolice

Identifiers

PMID33138785
PMCPMC7607818
OpenAlexW3097785372

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.