ReviewAgeing research reviews2021
Aging in COVID-19: Vulnerability, immunity and intervention.
Review in Ageing research reviews, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 545 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
545 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,042 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of Internet-Based Telehealth Programs in Patients With Hip or Knee Osteoarthritis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Pooled it
- Multimorbidity and frailty are associated with poorer SARS-CoV-2-related outcomes: systematic review of population-based studies.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2024Pooled it
- The efficacy and safety of remdesivir alone and in combination with other drugs for the treatment of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Pooled it
- Real-world efficacy and safety of azvudine in hospitalized older patients with COVID-19 during the omicron wave in China: A retrospective cohort study.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Trial
- Article
- [Interdisciplinary Research on Artificial Intelligence and Longevity Medicine: Global Landscape, Collaboration Networks, and Frontier Trends (2010-2025)].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2026Article
- Behavioral and psychosocial factors associated with coadministration of COVID-19 and influenza vaccines among the elderly.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Personalized feedback about immunity corrects risk misestimation and motivates vaccination.PNAS nexus · 2026Article
- Epidemic dynamics and age-specific distribution of respiratory pathogens: a direct-to-consumer surveillance study in four regions of China, October 2023-February 2025.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Article
- Exploring how older adults perceived the impact of infectious diseases and vaccines on ageing: a cross-sectional study in France.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Senescent Factors Suppress Innate Antiviral Immunity in Aged Mice via Two Distinct Mechanisms.Aging cell · 2026Article
- Nutritional Disorders and Their Clinical Impact in Older Adults With COVID-19: A Retrospective Study From Qatar.Cureus · 2026Article
- Spatio-temporal modeling of tuberculosis among Brazil's elderly: a 20-year ecological and population-based study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Telomere damage-mediated senescence in alveolar epithelial type II cells but not in macrophages aggravates inflammation in acute lung injury.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- Risk factors associated with mortality among patients with COVID-19 in the intensive care unit: prospective cohort study from the early pandemic phase in Brazil.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Article
- Respiratory virus immune response in the aged host.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2026Review
- Spatio-temporal trends in COVID-19 morbidity and mortality due to elderly: a global perspective.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Infection Associated with HHV-6A Reactivation and an Inhibitory KIR2DL2/HLA-C1 Immunogenetic Profile.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Admission fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio and mortality in older adults hospitalized with pneumonia: a retrospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
485 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic was first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019, moved across the globe at an unprecedented speed, and is having a profound and yet still unfolding health and socioeconomic impacts. SARS-CoV-2, a β-coronavirus, is a highly contagious respiratory pathogen that causes a disease that has been termed the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Clinical experience thus far indicates that COVID-19 is highly heterogeneous, ranging from being asymptomatic and mild to severe and causing death. Host factors including age, sex, and comorbid conditions are key determinants of disease severity and progression. Aging itself is a prominent risk factor for severe disease and death from COVID-19. We hypothesize that age-related decline and dysregulation of immune function, i.e., immunosenescence and inflammaging play a major role in contributing to heightened vulnerability to severe COVID-19 outcomes in older adults. Much remains to be learned about the immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. We need to begin partitioning all immunological outcome data by age to better understand disease heterogeneity and aging. Such knowledge is critical not only for understanding of COVID-19 pathogenesis but also for COVID-19 vaccine development.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.