ArticleTravel medicine and infectious disease
Risk of hospitalization for Covid-19 outpatients treated with various drug regimens in Brazil: Comparative analysis.
Article in Travel medicine and infectious disease. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparison of Trials Using Ivermectin for COVID-19 Between Regions With High and Low Prevalence of Strongyloidiasis: A Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2022Pooled it
- Azithromycin in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2022Pooled it
- From hydroxychloroquine to ivermectin: what are the anti-viral properties of anti-parasitic drugs to combat SARS-CoV-2?Journal of travel medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Treating diabetes with combination of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors and hydroxychloroquine-a possible prevention strategy for COVID-19?Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2023Review
- Azithromycin use and outcomes in patients with COVID-19: an observational real-world study.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2022Observational
- Coronavirus 2019 disease: Are corticosteroids the key treatment? A retrospective case-control study in Brazil.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2022Article
- The Severity of COVID-19 Affects the Plasma Soluble Levels of the Immune Checkpoint HLA-G Molecule.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Azithromycin through the Lens of the COVID-19 Treatment.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Potential therapeutic effects of Ivermectin in COVID-19.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Antiparasitic Drugs against SARS-CoV-2: A Comprehensive Literature Survey.Microorganisms · 2022Review
- Predictive modeling for COVID-19 readmission risk using machine learning algorithms.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2022Article
- Review
- Use of Favipiravir for the Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in the Setting of Hospitel.International journal of clinical practice · 2022Article
- Predicting hospital readmission risk in patients with COVID-19: A machine learning approach.Informatics in medicine unlocked · 2022Article
- Retrospective evaluation of seven different treatment protocols in hospitalized COVID-19 patientsTurkish journal of medical sciences · 2021Article
- Clinical Management of Adult Patients with COVID-19 Outside Intensive Care Units: Guidelines from the Italian Society of Anti-Infective Therapy (SITA) and the Italian Society of Pulmonology (SIP).Infectious diseases and therapy · 2021Article
- Clinical outcomes of patients with mild COVID-19 following treatment with hydroxychloroquine in an outpatient setting.International immunopharmacology · 2021Article
- Safety and Efficacy of Ivermectin and Doxycycline Monotherapy and in Combination in the Treatment of COVID-19: A Scoping Review.Drug safety · 2021Article
- The Reply.The American journal of medicine · 2021Article
- Revised Korean Society of Infectious Diseases/National Evidence-based Healthcarea Collaborating Agency Guidelines on the Treatment of Patients with COVID-19.Infection & chemotherapy · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFor the past few months, HMOs have faced crowded emergency rooms and insufficient hospital and intensive-care-unit beds, all from the worst pandemic of this century, COVID-19.
methodsIn a large HMO in Brazil, our approach was to allow treating physicians to prescribe antiviral medications immediately at presentation, and prednisone starting on day-6 of symptoms to treat pulmonary inflammation. We implemented this COVID-19 protocol for outpatients and studied 717 consecutive SARS-CoV-2-positive patients age 40 years or older presenting at our emergency rooms.
resultsUse of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), prednisone or both significantly reduced hospitalization risk by 50-60%. Ivermectin, azithromycin and oseltamivir did not substantially reduce risk further. Hospitalization risk was doubled for people with type-2 diabetes or obesity, increased by two-thirds for people with heart disease, and by 75% for each decade of age over age 40. Similar magnitudes of reduced risk with HCQ and prednisone use were seen for mortality risk, though were not significant because of only 11 deaths among the 717 patients. No cardiac arrhythmias requiring medication termination were observed for any of the medications.
conclusionsThis work adds to the growing literature of studies that have found substantial benefit for use of HCQ combined with other agents in the early outpatient treatment of COVID-19, and adds the possibility of steroid use to enhance treatment efficacy.
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