Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33137473›Full record

ReviewNeuroImage2021

Deep brain stimulation for psychiatric disorders: From focal brain targets to cognitive networks.

Christi R P Sullivan, Sarah Olsen, Alik S Widge

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in NeuroImage, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
59citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
6.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

59 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 110 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Psychiatric consultation outcomes in deep brain stimulation candidacy: clinical and psychosocial correlates from a retrospective cohort.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Prefrontal Network Mechanisms of Psychiatric Deep Brain Stimulation.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Neurostimulation to Improve Cognitive Flexibility.Current opinion in behavioral sciences · 2025
    Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Christi R P SullivanUniversity of Minnesota Medical School Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 2001 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA. Electronic address: perki322@umn.edu.
Sarah OlsenUniversity of Minnesota Medical School Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 2001 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA. Electronic address: olsen378@umn.edu.
Alik S WidgeUniversity of Minnesota Medical School Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 2001 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA. Electronic address: awidge@umn.edu.
University of Minnesota Medical Center · USUniversity of Minnesota · US

Funding

Mechanisms of hippocampal network-targeted stimulation to rescue memory impairment due to Alzheimer's diseaseR01NS113804 · NINDS · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI DISTERHOFT, JOHN F, VOSS, JOEL L · 2019 to 2023
$6.7M
Multi-Site Non-Invasive Magnetothermal Excitation and Inhibition of Deep Brain StructuresR01MH111872 · NIMH · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI ANIKEEVA, POLINA O, PRALLE, ARND · 2016 to 2019
$3.6M
Combined Cortical and Subcortical Recording and Stimulation as a Circuit-Oriented Treatment for Obsessive-Compulsive DisorderUH3NS100548 · NINDS · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI DOUGHERTY, DARIN D, WIDGE, ALIK S. · 2016 to 2024
$3.2M
Circuit Specific Electrical Brain StimulationR01MH119384 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI WIDGE, ALIK S. · 2019 to 2023
$2.4M
Using Computation to Achieve Breakthroughs in NeuroscienceT32MH115886 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI REDISH, A DAVID · 2018 to 2022
$1.7M
Parametrically Detailed Computational Analyses of Human Foraging BehaviorR21MH120785 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI MACDONALD, ANGUS W, REDISH, A DAVID · 2019 to 2020
$424k
NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH111872NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH119384NIMH NIH HHS R21 MH120785NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH115886NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS113804NINDS NIH HHS UH3 NS100548
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising intervention for treatment-resistant psychiatric disorders, particularly major depressive disorder (MDD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Up to 90% of patients who have not recovered with therapy or medication have reported benefit from DBS in open-label studies. Response rates in randomized controlled trials (RCTs), however, have been much lower. This has been argued to arise from surgical variability between sites, and recent psychiatric DBS research has focused on refining targeting through personalized imaging. Much less attention has been given to the fact that psychiatric disorders arise from dysfunction in distributed brain networks, and that DBS likely acts by altering communication within those networks. This is in part because psychiatric DBS research relies on subjective rating scales that make it difficult to identify network biomarkers. Here, we overview recent DBS RCT results in OCD and MDD, as well as the follow-on imaging studies. We present evidence for a new approach to studying DBS' mechanisms of action, focused on measuring objective cognitive/emotional deficits that underpin these and many other mental disorders. Further, we suggest that a focus on cognition could lead to reliable network biomarkers at an electrophysiologic level, especially those related to inter-regional synchrony of the local field potential (LFP). Developing the network neuroscience of DBS has the potential to finally unlock the potential of this highly specific therapy.

Indexed as

Gyrus CinguliInternal CapsuleMedial Forebrain BundleSubthalamic NucleusVentral StriatumDeep Brain StimulationHumansMajor Depressive DisorderNeural PathwaysObsessive-Compulsive DisorderCognitive neuroscienceDeep brain stimulationElectrophysiologyNeurostimulation

Identifiers

PMID33137473
PMCPMC7802517
OpenAlexW3095446073

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.