ArticleEar and hearing
Nonverbal Intelligence Predicts Performance of Preschool Children With Hearing Loss on Norm-Referenced Language Measures But Not Language Sample Analysis.
Article in Ear and hearing. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cross-modal impact of auditory experience on visual cortical entrainment in children who are hard-of-hearing.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Auditory experience modulates fronto-parietal theta activity serving fluid intelligence.Brain communications · 2022Article
- Location Effects on Spoken Language and Literacy for Children who are DHH.Journal of deaf studies and deaf education · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe purpose of this study was to explore the effects of nonverbal intelligence on spoken language performance in children with hearing loss who use amplification and spoken language. Specifically, we compared language performance measured by norm-referenced measures compared with spontaneous language sample measures.
designNonverbal intelligence and spoken language skills were analyzed using norm-referenced nonverbal intelligence and language assessments and language sample analyses in 92 children ages 3 to 6 who varied by hearing and nonverbal intelligence status. All children had nonverbal intelligence within the average or above-average range.
resultsRegression analyses revealed that, after controlling for maternal education and hearing status, nonverbal intelligence contributed unique variance to norm-referenced language measures but not spontaneous language measures.
conclusionsPerformance on norm-referenced language measures is influenced by nonverbal intelligence, whereas functional language use measured by spontaneous language samples is not. These findings suggest that spontaneous language measures may contribute additional value to language assessment batteries that are independent of nonverbal intelligence.
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Registered trials
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