Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33134416›Full record

ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2020

Invasive

Anja Takla, Viktoria Schönfeld, Heike Claus, Manuel Krone, Matthias An der Heiden, Judith Koch, Ulrich Vogel, Ole Wichmann, Thiên-Trí Lâm

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. First year of ongoing invasiveEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Infant protection from invasiveHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Anja TaklaRobert Koch Institute, Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Berlin, Germany.
Viktoria SchönfeldRobert Koch Institute, Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-8548-4312
Heike ClausInstitute for Hygiene and Microbiology, National Reference Laboratory for Meningococci and Haemophilus influenzae, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
Manuel KroneInstitute for Hygiene and Microbiology, National Reference Laboratory for Meningococci and Haemophilus influenzae, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
Matthias An der HeidenRobert Koch Institute, Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Berlin, Germany.
Judith KochRobert Koch Institute, Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Berlin, Germany.
Ulrich VogelInstitute for Hygiene and Microbiology, National Reference Laboratory for Meningococci and Haemophilus influenzae, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
Ole WichmannRobert Koch Institute, Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Berlin, Germany.
Thiên-Trí LâmInstitute for Hygiene and Microbiology, National Reference Laboratory for Meningococci and Haemophilus influenzae, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
Robert Koch Institute · DEInstitute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

background

methodsNationwide data from statutory disease surveillance (2001-2016) were linked with laboratory surveillance data (2009-2016). Besides descriptive epidemiology, statistical analyses included multiple imputation to estimate secular trends.

resultsIn 2001-2016, 4044 invasive Hi infections were reported. The mean incidence was 3.0 per million inhabitants, higher in males (3.2 vs 2.9 in females) and in the age groups <1 year (15.2) and ≥80 years (15.5). Nontypeable Hi (NTHi) caused 81% (n = 1545) of cases in 2009-2016. Of capsulated cases, 69% were serotype f and 17% serotype b. Of Hib cases eligible for vaccination, 10% (3/29) were fully vaccinated. For 2009-2016, significant increasing trends were observed for NTHi and Hif infections in the age groups <5 years and ≥60 years and for ampicillin resistance in NTHi.

conclusionsThis is one of the most comprehensive Hi data analyses since the introduction of Hib vaccines. NTHi and Hif cause an increasing disease burden among elderly patients and infants. Ampicillin resistance in NTHi must be considered in the treatment of invasive Hi infections.

Indexed as

ampicillin resistanceHibinvasive bacterial infectionsNTHivaccination

Identifiers

PMID33134416
PMCPMC7585332
OpenAlexW3088150787

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.