ReviewAnesthesiology and pain medicine2020
General Anesthetics on Immune System Cytokines: A Narrative Review Article.
Review in Anesthesiology and pain medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of low flow anesthesia with sevoflurane on oxidative status: A prospective, randomized study.Saudi medical journal · 2022Trial
- Multiorgan transcriptomics and circulating extracellular vesicle profiling reveal age-dependent systemic vulnerability to isoflurane anesthesia and surgery.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Review of the Effects of Anesthetic Techniques and Medications on the Immune Response During the Perioperative Period.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Review
- General anesthesia allergy causes and mechanisms.Asia Pacific allergy · 2025Review
- Comparison of Serum Interleukin 6, Leptin, and Adiponectin Levels after Cesarean Section Under General Versus Spinal Anesthesia.Anesthesiology and pain medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- In Vivo Visualization of Intravascular Patrolling Immune Cells in the Primate Eye.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Influence of Anesthetic Techniques on Colorectal Cancer Recurrence: A Comprehensive Review.Cureus · 2024Review
- An immune-adrenergic pathway induces lethal levels of platelet-activating factor in mice.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Immune Responses of Healthy Pregnant Women following an Elective Cesarean Section: Effects of Anesthetic Procedures.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Immunotoxicity induced by occupational inhalation exposure to waste anesthetic gases: a historical cohort study.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2023Article
- Pneumonia Deterioration Occurring After C-section in a Preeclamptic Patient: A Case Report.Cureus · 2023Article
- The impact of stress and anesthesia on animal models of infectious disease.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Review
- No Association Between First Exposure to General Anaesthesia and Atopic Dermatitis in the Paediatric Population.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2022Article
- Cerebral Glutamate Regulation and Receptor Changes in Perioperative Neuroinflammation and Cognitive Dysfunction.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- The Influence of Analgesic Modalities on Postoperative Cancer Recurrence.Anesthesiology and pain medicine · 2022Review
- An atlas of dynamic peripheral blood mononuclear cell landscapes in human perioperative anaesthesia/surgery.Clinical and translational medicine · 2022Article
- Effects of General Anesthesia Versus Spinal Anesthesia on Serum Cytokine Release After Cesarean Section: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Anesthesiology and pain medicine · 2021Article
- Neurobiology of anesthetic-surgical stress and induced behavioral changes in dogs and cats: A review.Veterinary world · 2021Review
- The Comparison of Inflammatory Cytokines between Spinal and General Anesthesia following Changes in Ischemic Reperfusion due to Tourniquet during Lower Limb Surgery.Advances in orthopedics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextAccording to the previous studies, general anesthesia influences the immune system. Evaluating such impacts on the immune system helps to improve the management of anesthesia. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: The current review aimed to summarize the literature related to the effects of general anesthesia agents on the cytokines. Google Scholar, PubMed, and ISI/Web of Sciences databases were searched using the following keywords: cytokine, general anesthesia, immune response, intravenous anesthetics, volatile anesthetics, opioids, benzodiazepines, and controlled ventilation.
resultsLong-term administration of general anesthesia drugs, due to their effects on cytokines, can lead to disease progression in patients with immune deficiency. Due to the conflicting results of various studies and the increasing number of patients with immune deficiency, the choice of the appropriate general anesthesia agents facilitates achieving the more favorable function of the cytokines.
conclusionsIt seems that the effect of general anesthesia on the immune system in healthy patients and short-term surgeries is not considerable and changes in the immune system are related to surgical trauma, particularly in major surgery.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.